NATURAL SCIENCE BIODIVERSITY What is biodiversity Biodiversity is

NATURAL SCIENCE BIODIVERSITY

What is biodiversity? § Biodiversity is the variety of life on the Earth, is the result of a slow process called evolution. § Species change and adapt to the environment. § Biodiversity varies tremendously throughout the world. It is influenced by climate zones and habitats.

What factors can reduce biodiversity? § Destruction of habitats. § Uncontrolled hunting and fishing § Pollution of water, soil and the atmosphere. § Introduction of exotic especies.

What do living things have in common? § All living things carry out three functions: § Nutrition ·Two classifications depending on how they feed: ·Autotrophs: produce the organic subtances which they need from inorganic subtances. They get energy from sunligth through a process called photosynthesis ·Heterotrophs: feed on organic matter which is already elaborated.

§ There are two types of reproduction: § Asexual: involves only one progenitor, the new indivivual is identical to its progenitor § Interaction whit the § Sexual: involves living environment: All the things of different sexes. processes which Provides a sex cell or enable living things gamete. The two sex to react to changes cells join to form the in their environment. zygote. Interaction and reproducion

What are living things made up of? § There are four chemical substances: carbon (C), oxygen (O), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) § There are two kinds of substances: ·Inorganic: do not contain carbon: -Mineral salts and water. ·Organic: are unique to living things.

What are cells? § Cells are the smallest units of life. They are the structural and functional units for all living things.

How are the two basic types of cells? § Eukaryotic cell: have a nucleus separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear membrane. § Prokaryotic cell: They have no nucleus. They have no nuclear membrane. Genetic material is dispersed throughout the cytoplasm.

§ § Eukaryotic cell prokaryotic cell

How do animal and plant cells differ? § § § Plant cells have a rigid cell wall Plant cells are usually polyhedral Plant cells have organelles called chloroplast § Plant cells have got vacuoles bigger than animal cells

§ Animal cell Plant cell

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