Natural Hazards and Weather Phenomena Weather Atmospheric conditions

Natural Hazards and Weather Phenomena

Weather Atmospheric conditions at a specific place and time.

Climate The weather conditions in an area in over a long period.

A severe tropical storm around North America, usually with heavy rains and winds moving at 73 miles per hour or more. EXAMPLES: Katrina – 2005 Rita – 2005 Mitch - 1998 Andrew – 1992 David – 1979 Camille – 1969 Beulah - 1967 Galveston - 1900

A severe tropical storm in the western Pacific Ocean, usually with heavy rains and winds moving at 73 miles per hour or more. EXAMPLES: Taiwan – 1996 Vietnam – 1998 China - 1994 Philippines – 1990 Japan – September, 1959 Japan/Korea – September, 1959 Hong Kong - 1906

A tropical storm originating in the Indian Ocean. EXAMPLES: Myanmar – 2008 India – 1999 India – 1996 Bangladesh – June, 1991 Bangladesh – April, 1991 Bangladesh – 1985 Bangladesh – 1979 India - 1971 Pakistan – 1965 Bangladesh – June, 1965 Bangladesh – May 1965 India - 1942

A violently rotating column of air which is in contact with both a cloud and the surface of the earth. EXAMPLES: Kansas/Nebraska – 2008 Texas-Ohio - 1974 Texas - 1967 Waco – 1953 Oklahoma - 1947 West Virginia - 1944 Missouri/Illinois/Indiana - 1925 Goliad – 1902

When water overflows the artificial or natural boundaries of a body of water. EXAMPLES: Mississippi River – 1927, 1983, 1993, 2008, 2011 Bangladesh – 1987, 1988, 1998, 2007 Red River of the North – 1997 China – 1931, 1950 s, 1998, 2008 Netherlands - 1953

A fire that is burning out of control in a forest or grassland. EXAMPLES: Southern California – 2007 & 2008 South Africa – 2002 & 2006 British Columbia - 2003 Yellowstone Park – 1988 California/Oregon – 1987 & 2002 Australia – 1983 & 2003 Greece - 2007 Russia - 1936 Montana/Idaho – 1910

A great sea wave produced by underwater earth movements or volcanic eruption. EXAMPLES: Indian Ocean – 2004 Japan – 1933, 44, 46, 83, 93 Hawaii - 1975 North Pacific – 1952 Chile/Pacific – 1960 Alaska/Pacific – 1957 New Zealand – 1947 New Foundland - 1929

A storm that produces heavy blinding snow, near zero visibility, deep drifts and dangerous wind chill. EXAMPLES: U. S. A. - 1993 U. S. A. - 1967 U. S. A. – 1958 Europe - 1956 U. S. A. – 1947 U. S. A. – 1940

Sudden motion or shaking of the ground produced by an abrupt shift of rock along a fault or from volcanic activity. EXAMPLES: Japan - 2011 Haiti – 2010 China – 2008 Sumatra - 2005 San Francisco – 1989 Alaska – 1964 Indonesia - 1938 Chile – 1960 San Francisco - 1900 Kamchatka – 1952

An opening in the Earth's surface, which allows hot, molten rock, ash and gases to escape from deep below the surface. EXAMPLES: Montserrat - 1995 Pinatubo – 1991 -96 Lake Nyos - 1986 Nevado del Ruiz – 1985 El Chichón - 1982 St. Helens – 1980 Pelée – 1902 Santa María – 1902 Krakatoa - 1883 Tambora – 1815 Vesuvius – 79 AD

A period of time when there is not enough rainfall or water to support agricultural, urban, human, or environmental water needs. EXAMPLES: Ethiopia – 2008 Southwestern U. S. – 2008 Ethiopia – 1984 -85 India - 1965 -67 Russia - 1921

Landslides The downward sliding of a mass of earth and rock.

Avalanc he A fall or slide of a large mass, as of snow or rock, down a mountainside.

Monsoons The seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern Asia, blowing from the south in summer and from the north in winter.

El Niño A warming of the surface water of the eastern and central Pacific Ocean, occurring every 4 to 12 years and causing unusual global weather patterns.