Natural Disasters Winter Storms Include Ice Storms Heavy
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Natural Disasters
Winter Storms Include • Ice Storms • Heavy snow (4 inches in 12 hours) • Blizzard (snow and wind) • High Wind
• These storms have the ability to trap you in your home, so be sure to have food and water available • Try to have an alternative source of heat (power may be lost, fuel delivery may not be possible) • If no alternative source is available dress in multiple thin layers • Cover the head and neck
If You Must Go On The Road • • Do not drive unless absolutely necessary Make sure your vehicle is in good condition Plan your route before hand Let someone know when you leave and when you expect to arrive • Keep warm clothing in your vehicle • Keep a first aid kit, water, and food • Have a shovel and bag of sand
Flooding Accounts for 40% of natural disasters worldwide
• Your house has a 26% chance of being damaged by a flood during a 30 year mortgage (only a 9% chance of fire) • Everyone lives in a flood zone • As little as one inch of water can cause costly damage to your property • A car can be carried away by two feet of floodwater
Common Causes • • • Hurricanes Rainstorms Winter Storms Snow Melt River Blockages Damn Failure
If Time Permits • Fill bathtubs and sinks with drinking water • Turn off electrical circuits • Shut off the main gas line • Move valuables to upper floors • Open basement windows to equalize water pressure on the walls of the foundation • If possible, evacuation is an option
Tornadoes • In the United States we average around 1200 tornadoes each year • As a result of these tornadoes an average of 45 people die each year
Intensity of Tornadoes F 0 (winds between 40 and 72 mph) -29% of tornadoes fall in this category F 1 (winds between 73 and 112 mph) -40% of tornadoes fall in this category F 2 (winds between 113 and 157 mph) -24% of tornadoes fall in this category F 3 (winds between 158 and 206 mph) -6% of tornadoes fall in this category F 4 (winds between 207 and 260 mph) -2% of tornadoes fall in this category F 5 (winds between 261 and 318 mph) -less than 1% fall in this category
Pre-Tornado Preparation • • • Be alert and aware of your local weather Store water in clean covered containers Have flashlights, candles and matches Have a camera for insurance pictures Canned foods
During a Tornado If you are at home • Go to the basement or an interior room on the lowest floor • Wrap yourself in blankets or coats so you are protected from flying debris • If possible take a flash light and a radio
If you are in a vehicle • If at all possible, get out and into a substantial structure • Most deaths occur in cars or mobile homes • If no substantial structure is available, lie flat in the nearest ditch covering your head with your hands • Do not try to outrun the tornado in your car
Post-Tornado • • Help injured or trapped people Give first aid if appropriate Use the telephone only for emergencies If the building you are in has been damaged get out in case of collapse
Hurricanes Category Winds Damage One 74 -95 Unanchored materials Two 96 -110 Roofing, doors, windows Three 111 -130 Four 131 -155 Five 155 - Structural damage to homes Complete roof and structural damage Complete building failures
Direct hits on the US • • • Category 1 – 57 Category 2 – 25 Category 3 – 44 Category 4 – 15 Category 5 – 2
The Storm Serge • The most dangerous element of a hurricane • Accounts for 90% of hurricane deaths • A great dome of water that rises rapidly
Hurricane Preparation • Know your surroundings • Plan a possible evacuation route • Be prepared to cover windows (have these supplies available) • Store canned food and water • There is usually a warning at least 12 hours before a hurricane reaches land
Lightning Strikes • Usually occur at the beginning or end of a storm • Lightning reaches 50, 000 degrees which is four times as hot as the sun • Can be between 100 million and 1 billion volts • Lightning affects all regions • There are 8, 640, 000 strikes each day in the world (68, 000 reach the ground)
• Americans are twice as likely to die from lightning than a hurricane, or tornado • 20% of all victims die from the strike • 70% suffer long term effects • Lightning also causes more than 10, 000 forest fires each year around the world • In your lifetime the odds of being struck by lightning are 1 in 3000
What you should do • • Avoid high ground or moist areas Remove all metal objects and crouch Spread out from other individuals Seeking refuge in a fully enclosed car is a good idea, put your hands on your lap • 30 -30 rule
If an earthquake occurs • Go to a doorway if you live in an older home • In a newer home duck and cover • Know where gas, electric, and water main shut offs are • Have a family meeting place for afterwards
If you are outside • Get to an open area away from power lines or anything else that may fall on you • Watch for any debris that may be loosened by the earthquake
If you are driving • • • Slowly pull over Get as far away from traffic as possible Do not stop under a bridge or overpass Stay in your car until the shaking stops When you resume driving be alert for cracks in the pavement and avoid bridges that may have been damaged
Statistics on Cause of Death One year averages • 20, 000 – flu • 15, 517 – murders • 120 – airline crashes • 100 – lightning strikes • 45 - tornados • 114 – car crashes each day • 41, 611 – each year
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