NATIVE PEOPLES OF WHAT IS NOW REFERRED TO

NATIVE PEOPLES OF WHAT IS NOW REFERRED TO AS THE UNITED STATES

WHO IS NATIVE AMERICAN? https: //www. muralsyourway. com/p/antique-world-map-mural/

NATIVE AMERICANS: A person who is one of the original inhabitants of the “Americas” by familial lineage Increasingly used to designate the original inhabitants of the contiguous U. S. , specifically; that is, not Native Alaskans or Native Hawaiians

ICONIC IMAGES… Sitting Bull, Hunkpapa Lakota http: //www. history. com/news/10 -things-you-may-notknow-about-sitting-bull First Scalp for Custer https: //collections. centefirst_scalp_for_custerrofthewest. org /view/? offset=20&max. Offset=35&exhibit=114

VS. REALITY Homes on the Dine Devon Mihesuah, Choctaw Reservation Scholar http: //www. wbur. org/hereandnow/2017/01/02/mismana gement-funds-navajo-housing http: //www. aihd. ku. edu/

ADDITIONAL TERMINOLOGY v American Indian- used in reference only to the original inhabitants of the U. S. , but is becoming outdated v Native v Indian- used by Native Americans themselves, as a recuperation of what was initially a misnomer

WHO IS ABORIGINAL? https: //theculturetrip. com/pacific/australia/articles/8 -mustvisit-aboriginal-art-galleries-in-sydney/

ABORIGINAL PEOPLES Used to reference the original inhabitants of Canada, New Zealand, and Australia Used less frequently to reference the original inhabitants of the U. S. http: //www. smh. com. au/articles/2004/01/14/1073877902 433. html

FIRST NATIONS Used to reference the original inhabitants of Canada This designation includes the Metis, Blackfoot, Cree, Iriquois, and Anishinaabe http: //www. ctvnews. ca/canada/trudeau-bellegarde-todiscuss-first-nations-issues-1. 2803417

INDIGENOUS v The original inhabitants of a particular region; v Indigenous peoples are all over the world http: //www. alamy. com/stock-photo/peruvian-tapestry. html

OTHER TERMS TO NOTE v People/Person of Color v Color*d Person v Women/Men of Color v Always preferable to refer v Chrystos is Menominee vs. to a Native person by their Chrystos is Native American tribal affiliation v Native Cultures* v There is not one, but many, Native cultures

BUT THEY’VE ALL VANISHED Right?

WRONG. v Today, there are over 550 Federally Recognized Native Nations in the United States, with hundreds of non-recognized communities v There are over 250 distinct and diverse indigenous languages being spoken today in the United States

SO HOW MANY ARE THERE? v As we will discover, pinpointing an estimate of those who identify as Native American is a task fraught with a number of different obstacles v However, according to the U. S. Census Bureau (2010), roughly 5 million people, or 1. 7% of the total U. S. population claimed either partial or total Native American or Alaska Native ancestry v By 1650 the Native population was roughly 6 million. Some scholars estimate that as many as 112 million indigenous For more information, see: Ostler, Jeffrey. “Genocide and American Indian History. ” Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History. 2015 -03 -02. Oxford University Press. peoples inhabited the Americas pre-contact; others say it was as low as 8 million.

LAND DISPOSSESSION v http: //www. slate. com/blogs/the_vault/2014/06/17/interactiv e_map_loss_of_indian_land. html

ANTHRO. “CULTURAL REGIONS” v California: Ohlone, Chumash, Pomo v Northwest: Tlingit, Haida v Great Basin: Paiute, Shoshone v Great Plains: Omaha, Ponca, Sioux v Southwest: Hopi, Dine v Southeast: Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw

LANGUAGE MAP https: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Langs_N. A mer. png

INTERNAL DIVERSITY v Mississippi Choctaws; 10, 000 members v Farmers; corn, beans, squash, fruit, deer, fish, bear, nuts v Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma; forcibly relocated to “Indian Territory” during Trail of Tears in 1830 s v Jena Band of Choctaws, in Louisiana v Resisted removal along with Mississippi Choctaws v 241 enrollees v Dying reeds, basketmaking For more information, see: Akers, Donna. Culture and Customs of the Choctaw Indians. Greenwood Press, 2013.

FACT & FANCY https: //indiancountrymedianetwork. com/culture/sports/dakot a-man-exposes-vile-history-of-redskins/ http: //www. plasticunderground. net/native_americans. htm

FACT & FANCY http: //photos. legendsofamerica. com/warsbattles/h 40 e 19 c 2 e#h 4 https: //eastdailyoffice. wordpress. com/2016/09/10/mornin 0 e 19 c 2 e g-prayer-11 -9 -16 -seventeenth-sunday-afterpentecost/defend-the-sacred-standingrock/

FACT & FANCY https: //www. aoc. gov/art/historic-rotunda-paintings/baptism- https: //sites. hanover. edu/history/courses/excerpts/143 p ocahontas. html pocahontas

FACT & FANCY https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=e. Sjg 4 VM 0 -q 0 https: //wn. com/american_indian_movement

FACT & FANCY http: //www. gallerydirectart. com/ww 5221. html#. WZ 8 bkp. N 96 CQ https: //sarahasousa. com/2015/03/16/cherokee-slaveholders-and-a-poem/

FACT & FANCY http: //kirbysattlerartprint. com/ http: //carlisleindian. dickinson. edu/images/indiansdeveloping-good-farmers-crow-reservation