NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA BY SAMANTHA

NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA BY: SAMANTHA ALANIS

YUROK TRIBE

LOCATION & SIZE Northwestern California - The Yurok tribe is located on the Redwood Coast - Located near the Klamath River Members - There are currently more than 5, 000 enrolled members - The Yurok tribe is the largest in California

TRADITIONS & VALUES Brush Dance - Designed to cure a sick child - Also performed when younger men in the village desired a holiday - Brush dances are still performed today in order to keep the tradition Sweat houses - Found in each village - Men stayed in the sweat house, not the family house with the rest of the family - Used for ceremonial purposes such as purification before hunting or ceremonies Redwoods - Redwood trees are used to build canoes, homes, and sweat houses - Redwood trees are respected and are sacred beings - Redwoods are guardians over sacred places

FOOD River A majority of the food supply comes from the Klamath river: - - ney-puy (salmon) - Kaa-ka (sturgeon) - Kwor-ror (candlefish) Ocean - pee-ee (mussels) - chey-gel’ (seaweed) Inland - woo-mehl (acorns) - mey-weehl (elk) - Ley-chehl (berries) - Wey-yok-seep (teas) These foods are essential for the Yurok people’s health, wellness and religious ceremonies

TOLOWA DEE-NI’ NATION

LOCATION & SIZE Similar to the Yurok - Although they are a little farther North, The Tolowa Dee-Ni’ Nation is also located near the redwood trees. Located in Smith River, California (3 miles South of the California/Oregon border) Members - The tribe has over 1, 752 members and spans over 900 acres

CULTURE Language - The Tolowa Dee-ni’ Alphabet has 30 consonants 6 are ejectives and 2 are glottalized 5 vowels, 3 nasal vowels, 4 glottalized vowels and 4 diphthongs. Government - The Tolowa Dee-Ni’ Nation has their own Tribal Constitution and Tribal Policy There are Tribal Committees, a Tribal Council, a Tribal Judicial System, and a Tribal Gaming Commission Tolowa Dee-Ni’ Tribal Council

HOOPA VALLEY TRIBE

LOCATION & SIZE Size - There are 3, 000 known descendants of the Hoopa Valley Nation Location - Towards the bottom of the Trinity river In today’s Hoopa, California

ART Jump Dance Basket na’rwahch (Jump Dance Basket) - Responsible for removing evil or bad from the world and putting good back into it Used in the Jump dance ceremony Hupa Basketry - There were many uses for basketry: Acorn basket Salmon drying tray Woman’s dress hat Baby carrier Baby Carrier Salmon Drying tray Acorn Basket

SOURCES https: //www. yuroktribe. org/our-history https: //delnortehistory. org/the-yurok/ https: //www. everyculture. com/North-America/Yurok-Religion-and-Expressive-Culture. html https: //www. tolowa-nsn. gov/ http: //www. native-languages. org/hupa_culture. htm https: //americanindian. si. edu/exhibitions/infinityofnations/california-greatbasin/002182. html http: //pages. hmc. edu/beckman/indian/basketry/Hupa-Yurok. html