Nationalism Sectionalism Era of Good Feelings James Monroe

Nationalism, Sectionalism, Era of Good Feelings

James Monroe o o o o 5 th President, 2 terms VA Era of Good Feelings 16 -19 American Revolution Vet Acquired Florida Missouri Compromise Monroe Doctrine

James Monroe o o 1816, defeated Rufus King Good Feelings were misleading

Tariff of 1816 o o Economic nationalism: support growth Increased tariffs to help U. S. manufacturers

Henry Clay’s American System o o Kentucky, Congressman Plan to help the nation’s economy n n n o Protective tariffs National bank Internal improvements not in Constitution n Madison & Monroe

Panic of 1819 o o 1 st financial crisis 2 nd Bank tightened credit n o o Stop inflation Money deflated, state banks closed Increased debt, bankruptcy, unemployment

Changes in Political Party o o o New versus Old ideology Political division Sectional differences

John Marshall’s Supreme Court Decisions o o o Federalist Alive Favored federal government Empowered federal government over states Mc. Culloch v. Maryland (1819) Gibbons v Ogden (1821) Dartmouth vs Woodward 1819

The West… Effects of the Louisiana Purchase o o o Acquisition of Native Americans’ lands Economic pressures Improved transportation Immigration Slavery extension? Application for Statehood

Missouri applies for Statehood o o o o 1819 Issue of slavery was debated Sectionalism Even in the Senate Southerners threatened Henry Clay idea for “compromise” Maine, Missouri, 3630’

Foreign Affairs During Monroe’s Presidency

Canada o o Rush-Bagot 1817: disarmament pact, limited naval armament Treaty of 1818: improved relations with the Brits n n n Shared fishing rights Joint occupation of Oregon Territory Establish northern border

Florida & Spain o o o Transcontinental Treaty of 1819 Adams-Onis Treaty Florida Purchase Treaty 1819 $5 Million Andrew Jackson sent for the mission

Monroe Doctrine o o US worried about Russia & other nations Policy towards Europe & Latin America “not lands to be colonized” Europe can’t interfere in the W. Hemisphere

Impact o o Applaud but soon forgotten GB Foreign Secretary, George Canning n n o o Insulted Monarchs were angry Historians made it more significant Cornerstone of US foreign policy with L. A.

National Economy o o Population increase Vast area need for transportation n o Roads, canals, steamboats, railroads Growth of industries n Mid 1800, manufacturing surpassed agriculture

Manufacturing Industry o o Mechanical inventions (Patent laws, Whitney) Factory system n n o Labor n o Samuel Slater 1791 Taxes led to prosperous factories Competition w/ cheap land in west Unions n Help reduce long work day hrs

Agriculture o o o Commercial industry “cash crops” Eli Whitney 1793 n o Cotton Gin Increase slaves

Effects of Market Revolutions o o End of self-sufficiency Developed more modern form of capitalism Role of women changed slightly Slavery became an issue.

Sectionalism

The North o o o NE, Middle States, and Old Northwest Improved transportation Higher, faster economical development n o o o Industries produced various products More populous Agricultural, grains Societies with slaves

The South “King Cotton” o o o Slave societies “slavery: the peculiar institution” Southern states Agriculture foundation of economy 1800: 1 mil – 1860: 4 mil Cotton Gin= affordable cotton cloth

John Quincy Adams o o 6 th President 1 Term 1824 -1829 Troubled presidency