National Transportation Communications for ITS Protocol National Architecture

National Transportation Communications for ITS Protocol

National Architecture & NTCIP Center-to-Center NTCIP Center-to-Field 2

ITS Standards Perspective Communications Standards Message Set Standards Data Element Standards Message Data Element 3

Data Elements Standards • • • Traffic Management Data Dictionary (TMDD) NTCIP- Data Dictionary for Each Device TCIP- Data Dictionary for each Transit Application

Message Sets Standards 4. Message Sets for External TMC Communications (MS/ETMCC) 5. Message Sets for Incident Management

Communications Protocol Standards • • Center to Field Communications Protocols Center to Center Communications Protocols DATEX-ASN ; CORBA

ITS Derived Standards • Message Set Standards • External TMC (ITE) • Incident management (IEEE) • ATIS (SAE) • Data Element Standards • TMDD (ITE) • NTCIP (AASHTO, ITE, NEMA) • Object definitions for traffic signals, message signs, transit (a. k. a. TCIP) • ATIS (SAE) Center, roadside, • Communications traveler, vehicle Standards subsystems • IP, HDLC framing TMC (NTCIP effort) • DSRC (ASTM) • NTCIP Class B (NTCIP) Message Data Element 7

Communications Standards Message Set Standards Data Element Standards Traffic Class D Profile Controller • Class B Standards • SP-PPP • TP-Internet • AP-STMF Topics • Message Sets for External Traffic Management Center Communications (MS/ETMC 2) • TMDD Section 3 - Traffic Control • NTCIP NEMA TS 3. 4 - Global • NTCIP NEMA TS 3. 5 - ASC 8

DMS Standards Topics Class D Profile Communications Standards Message Set Standards Data Element Standards • SP-PPP • TP-Internet • AP-STMF • Message Sets for External Traffic Management Center Communications (MS/ETMC 2) • TMDD Section 3 - Traffic Control • NTCIP NEMA TS 3. 4 - Global • NTCIP NEMA TS 3. 6 - DMS 9

Building Blocks From International Standards Organization ISO – Language to Define Data Elements : ASN. 1

Building Blocks From The Internet Authority 2. Rules ( Protocols) to Transport Data Elements – SNMP, TCP/IP, UDP etc.

Open System Interconnect- Reference Model SI-RM Each layer independently performs a specific sk API message data stream dialog connection segments network address packets data frames bits Application Presentation Session Transport Network Link Physical

Off-the-Shelf Protocols Examples Application SNMP UDP IP PPP HDLC RS 232 Presentation Session Transport Network Link Physical

First NTCIP Objective is: Develop Data Dictionaries & Communications Protocols USER Work Station Communications Profiles System 14

Second NTCIP Objective is: Develop Communications Protocols for Center to Center Information Exchange Communications Protocols System 15

1 NTCIP Standards Organization Protocols Dictionaries NEMA 1206 mgmt 1 private 3 experiment al 2 Devices 2 protocols 1 layers 1 transportat ion 4 profiles 2 dyn. Obj. Mgmt 3 Class B 1 dyn. Obj. Def 1 dyn. Obj. Data 2 asc 1 ramp 2 dms 3 rs 232 1 trans 4 rs 232 Async 2 snmp 5 hdlc 3 system 6 camera 4 sensors 5 global 28 6 2

NTCIP Standards Framework Center-to-Field Center-to-Center ITS Data Model ITS Data Dictionary Reference Model ITS Message Sets Files Data Objects Dynamic Objects Information CORBA DATEX TFTP SNMP STMP Application TCP UDP Null IP Transport ATM FDDI Transport Ethernet SONET SLIP PPP V Series Modem PMPP FSK Modem Subnetwork * Fiber Plant Coax Twisted Pair Telco Line Wireless 17 * Not all Subnetwork / Plant combinations are feasible Plant

Topic- 2 NTCIP Roadmap An Analogy that Describes the “Mechanics of NTCIP” 18

NTCIP Roadmap Analogy Completion of a medical history form that uses a dictionary of terms and mails the form to a medical professional for action. Ca rd iolo gy History Street Addres s

#1 - Objects Are NTCIP Data Building Blocks Analogy 1 NTCIP “Speak” Def • i • ni • tion def- -nish- n n: a word or phrase expressing the essential nature of a person or thing. phase. Walk. OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX INTEGER (0. . 255) ACCESS read-write STATUS mandatory DESCRIPTION "Phase Walk Parameter in seconds (0 -255 sec). This shall control the amount of time the Walk indication shall be displayed. " e e : : = { phase. Entry 8 } Word Definitions are structured with syllabic spelling, pronunciation, grammatical usage, definition, etc. Object NTCIP data elements are defined for transmission using ASN. 1 structure and are called objects. 20

#2 - NTCIP Data are Hierarchically Organized Analogy NTCIP “Speak” ROOT ABCDEFGH IJKLMNOP QRSTUVW XYZ ISO, 1 ISO-CCITT, 2 Organization, 3 Country, 16 DOD, 6 USA, 640 Internet, 1 Organization, 1 Private, 4 Enterprises, 1 Alphabet Organizes definitions in an alphabetical structure. NEMA, 1206 ISO Tree Organizes objects in a hierarchical structure. 21 2

#3 - Device Standards are Subject Matter Dictionaries Analogy De rma Ca tolo gy rdio Psy log y chi atry 3 NTCIP “Speak” TS 3. 4 TS 3. 5 TS 3. 6 TS 3. 7 Subject Matter Dictionaries NTCIP Standards Collections of definitions in alphabetical structure for subjects. Collections of objects in hierarchical structure for subjects. 22

4 #4 - Object Subset Needed for Application Analogy NTCIP “Speak” History MIB for Signals in City “A” Ca rdio log y Words Needed for a Specific Use Subset of a subject area for a specific purpose. E. G. , heart disease history uses only some medical terms. Management Information Base (MIB) Module MIB Module is a collection of objects for a specific application (agency specific). 23

#5 - Objects Are Written According To Procedures Analogy 1. Print all responses. 2. Use a no. 2 pencil. 3. Answer parts 1 & 2 only. 4. Write from top to bottom, left to right. 5 NTCIP “Speak” History Filling In a Form A paper form might be the “device” on which we would write a heart disease history. MIB for Signals in City “A” SNMP get set get-next trap Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) SNMP is a set of rules for reading and writing MIB objects to a device. 24

Example of Object: Number of Permanent Messages Parameter Page 2 -14 TS 3. 6 dms. Num. Permanent. Msg OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX INTEGER(0. . . 65535) ACCESS read-only STATUS mandatory DESCRIPTION “Indicates the current number of Messages stored in non-volatile, non— chargeble memory( e. g. EPROM). For CMS and BOS , this number is the diffent messages that can be assembled. ” OID 1}location in the tree : : ={dms. Message 1. 3. 6. 1. 4. 1. 1206. 4. 2. 3. 5. 1 This is not a IP Address, only a IN number for data element Both values are encoded as a pair Note: OID is only a references to data, it is not IP address

#6 - Objects Are Transmitted Using Rules Analogy • US postal service rules. Mailing Rules To transmit the heart history form to a doctor, a patient follows a mailing system’s rules. 6 NTCIP “Speak” • Application • Presentation • Session Data processing rules • Transport • Network Data transport rules • Data Link • Physical network rules Open System Interconnect (OSI) OSI 7 layer reference model (OSI-RM) has rules for transporting and processing the information. 26

#7 - Physical Layer Defines Media Analogy 7 NTCIP “Speak” History ? Media Choice The heart disease history info could be submitted on paper, on a disk, on a voice tape, etc. Ethernet Sonet Physical Media Choices Defines how to get the bits across the connection (copper, fiberoptic, coaxial). 27

#8 - Data Link Layer Defines Data Packages Analogy 8 NTCIP “Speak” MIB for Signals in City “A” History Street Addres s Info Flag Packaging Specifies the packaging rules used to transmit the information. Address Control FCS Flag High Level Data Link Control (HDLC) Frames Describes the data package transmitted over a single link & checks for errors. 28

#9 - Network & Transport Layers Define Data Addressing and Delivery Analogy NTCIP “Speak” Return Receipt Required Town, State, Zip, Country 9 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Internet Protocol (IP) A Adddrdersess Addres s s User Name Address Flag IPI Control Info FCS Flag Add Recipient Name Internet Protocol (IP) Addresses the mail. Names the person at the address & repackages into smaller packages if needed. Network layer routes through interconnected network links using Internet compatible rules. 29

#10 - Top 3 Layers Perform Data Processing Analogy History 10 NTCIP “Speak” SNMP get set get-next trap Reading the Form Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Read the heart disease history form and provide info for physician to act. SNMP reads & writes MIB objects that have been transmitted using OSI-RM. 30

Roadmap Summary - The Data • Data elements are called objects and defined using a structure called ASN. 1. • Dictionaries of objects for specific applications are arranged by an ISO hierarchy instead of by alphabet. • The subset of objects needed by an agency is collected into a database called a MIB. • The procedure for reading and writing this database is termed SNMP. A more efficient version called STMP is applicable in many

Roadmap Summary - Moving the Data • The rules for transmitting the data follow the OSI reference model. • Data is “packaged” into HDLC frames. • Data packages are moved through communications networks using rules compatible with the Internet Protocols.

Topic-3 Center to Field (Device Level) Communications Profiles 33

NTCIP Standards Framework Center-to-Field Center-to-Center ITS Data Model ITS Data Dictionary Reference Model ITS Message Sets Files Data Objects Dynamic Objects Information CORBA DATEX TFTP SNMP STMP Application TCP UDP Null IP Transport ATM FDDI Transport Ethernet SONET SLIP PPP V Series Modem PMPP FSK Modem Subnetwork * Fiber Plant Coax Twisted Pair Telco Line Wireless 34 * Not all Subnetwork / Plant combinations are feasible Plant

NTCIP Overview SNMP Objects Dynamic Obj’s SNMP STMP UDP NULL IP PPP PMPP RS-232 Modem Phone RS-232 Radio Air FSK Cable TWP

Use of Existing Standards • Why does the NTCIP re-define all of these standards? – There are unique requirements within the transportation environment • There are options that are not appropriate for our environment • There are features that our environment requires that are not defined in existing standards

ISO - NTCIP Relationship ISO Information Level NTCIP Application Presentatio n Session Transport Application Level Transport Level Network Data Link Physical Subnetwork Level Plant Level Class Level

Profiles • A standard that further restricts the interpretation/use of other standards • May specify how to combine multiple standards together into a standard package • Primarily developed to promote interoperable implementations

Historic Class Profiles 39

Subnet Profiles • Defines how data is physically transmitted across a link, including – Physical signals – Addressing – Bit error checking – Permission to speak – Multiplexing of Transport Profiles

Subnet Profiles • PMPP 232—low-speed, multi-drop via 232 • Others Under Development – Near-Term • PMPP/FSK—Low-speed, multi-drop, over twisted pair • PPP—Dial-up • Ethernet—LANs and other Ethernet systems – Long Term • FDDI—Fiber systems • SONET—Another fiber option • Metropolitan Area Networks—Equivalent to a LAN

Transport Profiles • Routing across a network – Logical to physical address mapping – Delivery times – Error handling • Fragmentation and re-assembly • Multiplexing of Application Profiles

Transport Profiles • Transportation (Null)—Low-speed connections • Internet—Computer industry standard – UDP/IP – TCP/IP

Application Profiles • Defines structure for information exchange – Overall structure of each message – What information gets exchanged – Under what conditions can information be exchanged – Byte-level encoding formats

Application Profiles • Field Communications – SNMP—Computer industry standard – STMP—Low-speed, high data exchange req’ts • Center-to-Center Communications – DATEX-ASN—Simple structured solution based on messages – CORBA—Advanced object-oriented solution • General Use – FTP—Standard file transfer – TFTP—Simple file transfer where TCP not available or frequent transfers