NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical Computer Engineering

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School LIBERALISATION & REGULATION IN THE ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS SECTOR Technical aspects of Electronic Communications Networks http: //www. netmode. ntua. gr/ Courses/Graduate/Liberalization & Regulation in the Telecommunication Sector Vasilis Maglaris <maglaris@mail. ntua. gr> Vassilis Merekoulias <merek@netmode. ntua. gr>

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Classification of Electronic Communications • • • Core – Backbone Network – Fixed (Fiber, PDH/SDH, Po. S, Giga. Bit Ethernet, WDM, DWDM) – Wireless Access Network – Fixed wired (Fiber to the Curb/Home, Cable, Coax, Copper x. DSL) – Wireless (802. 11, 802. 16, LMDS) – Mobile (GSM, UMTS, 802. 11) – Satellite communications (DVB/RCS, VSAT) Interconnection – Unbundling June 2009 1

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Backbone - Core Networks June 2009 2

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Backbone - Core Networks (cont'd) June 2009 3

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Access Networks June 2009 4

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Access Networks (cont'd) June 2009 5

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Electronic Communications Networks Single Operator June 2009 6

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Electronic Communications Networks Competition June 2009 7

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Interconnection • Physical and logical connection of telecommunications networks. • Users connected to different telecommunications networks communicate directly or indirectly. June 2009 8

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Interconnection - PSTN Operator B Operator A Trunk Group Switch A Subscriber June 2009 Point of Interconnect (POI) B Subscriber 9

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Interconnection - NGN Web Sites Terminating Carrier ISP B Point of Presence (POP) Originating Carrier Users June 2009 Users 10

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Interconnection - NGN Web Sites Terminating Carrier ISP B Originating Carrier Backbone Carrier Users June 2009 Users 11

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Services provided by networks • Traditional TELCO offerings (ATM – PDH/SDH) • New TELCO Broadband offerings (Gigabit Ethernet/Packet over SDH, λ-DWDM) • Alternate models (dark fiber, condominium arrangements) June 2009 12

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Customer Empowered Networks • • School boards and municipalities are building condominium dark fiber networks in partnership with next generation carrier Individual institutions – the customers – own and control their own strands of fiber – – – • • • Fiber are configured in point to point private networks; or Connect to local ISP or carrier hotel Private sector maintains the fiber Low cost LAN architectures and optics are used to light the fiber These new concepts in customer empowered networking are starting in the same place as the Internet started – the university and research community. Customers will start with dark fiber but will eventually extend further outwards with customer control and ownership of wavelengths – Extending the Internet model of autonomous peering networks to the telecom world June 2009 13

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Market Drivers Low cost LAN invades the WAN – no complex SDH/SONET or ATM in network Network Restoral & Protection can be done by customer using a variety of techniques such as wireless backup, or relocating servers to a multi-homed site, etc Enables new applications and services not possible with traditional telecom service providers Up to 1000% reduction over current telecom prices. 6 -12 month payback Relocation of servers and extending LAN to central site Outsourcing LAN and web servers to a 3 rd party with no performance impact IP telephony in the wide area (skype) HDTV video Allows access to new competitive low cost telecom and IT companies at carrier neutral “meet me” points Much easier to outsource servers, e-commerce etc to a 3 rd party at a carrier neutral collocation facility June 2009 14

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School What is condominium fiber? • • A number of organizations (schools, hospitals, businesses and universities) get together to fund and build a fiber network Carrier partners are also invited to be part of condominium project Fiber is installed, owned and maintained by 3 rd party professional fiber contractors – usually the same contractors used by the carriers for their fiber builds Each institution gets its own set of fibers, at cost, on a 20 year IRU (Indefeasible Right of Use). One time up front cost, plus annual maintenance and right of way cost approx 5% of the capital cost Institution lights up their own strands with whatever technology they want – Gigabit Ethernet, ATM, PBX, etc Ideal solution for point to point links for large fixed institutions Payback, with the current level of prices, is usually less than 18 months!!! June 2009 15

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Municipal Condo Architecture Fiber Splice Box Central Office For Wireless Company Carrier Owned Fiber School board or City Hall Cable head end Telco Central Office Condominium Fiber with separate strands owned by school and by service providers School Colo Facility School 802. 11/802. 16 Average Fiber Penetration to 250 -500 homes June 2009 16

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Benefits to Carriers • • • Cablecos and telcos: helps them accelerate the deployment of high speed internet services into the community Small Innovative Service Providers: provides opportunities to offer service to public institutions as well as homes e-Commerce & Web Hosting Companies: generates new business in outsourcing, web hosting, Hosting etc. June 2009 17

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Montreal, Quebec (consortium) • Municipal authorities, school boards, RISQ (Réseau d’informations scientifiques du Québec – Quebec scientific information network) and IMS (IMS Health Canada) have joined in a consortium to build a municipal owned dark fibre network. – – • Schools can be connected for an average of $80 per month, per school based on a 20 year amortization of the fibre & eliminate the network servers at each individual school Each school has essentially unlimited bandwidth (100 Mbps) Schools LAN can be extended back to the central administrative site. Maintenance, Backups and Software Updates can all be done much more cost effectively from the central administrative building. Schools are able to explore new high-end applications such as video conference & Voice over IP. In Montreal, the estimated payback for dark fibre is between 6 months and 2 years. June 2009 18

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School The case of FTTH (Fiber to the Home) • • • Problem: How to provide facilities based competition with FTTH? The incumbent avoids heavy regulation First generation FTTH models assume the old telco model where competitors can only get open access e. g. PON (Passive Optical Networks) Second generation FTTH models assume structural separation between service providers and an “aggregator” using Gigabit Ethernet or ATM CANARIE (the Canadian Research & Education Network) proposes a third generation FTTH model with structural separation using condominium fiber and choice of aggregators or service providers through point to point fiber and RPON (reverse PON)…. June 2009 19

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Gigabit Internet to the Home • • With municipal condominium fiber builds multiple carriers share in the cost of fiber build out to neighbourhood nodes serving approximately 250 -500 homes It is impractical to have multiple carriers own individual strands from the neighbourhood node to each and every home: – – – • Therefore let the customer have title to individual fiber from the residence to the neighborhood node The customer connects to the service provider of their choice at the neighborhood node Customer decides if they wish to connect to an aggregator, convergence provider, or single service Internet provider Two approaches: – – RPON which allows easy moves, adds and changes Micro conduit, fiber is blown in upon customer request from designated service provider June 2009 20

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Up to 15 km Gigabit to the Home Colo Facility ISP E ISP C with RPON ISP D Customer owns fiber strand all the way to Neighborhood Node X ISP B Colo Facility Splice Box X Business with dual connections 864 strands Municipal Condominium Fiber Trunk June 2009 21

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School RPON Aggregator Switch TDM return Active laser at customer premises June 2009 ISP Passive Optical Splitter Neighborhood Node Customer Controlled or Owned Fiber 22

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Electrical & Computer Engineering School Regional Networks in EU • • Sweden UK Ireland Greece – 69 Municipal networks ~ 70 M€ – Municipal wireless networks based on 802. 11 and/or 802. 16 – Private & Public funding to develop broadband access networks in Greece (except Attica & Thessalonica) June 2009 23