National Synchrotron Light Source II New Capabilities New

National Synchrotron Light Source II New Capabilities New Science Nanoprobes Diffraction Imaging Coherent Dynamics Nanoscience A state of the art ultra-bright medium energy storage ring delivering world leading performance Steve Dierker Life Science Associate Laboratory Director for Light Sources Nanocatalysis NSLS-II Project Director October 27, 2006 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE 1

NSLS: A Crucial Resource for the Northeast Region 2300 Users/year > 400 academic, industrial, government institutions ~ 800 publications per year ~ 130 in premier journals Foreign Northeast (16%) (59%) States Non. Northeast States (25%) Home Institutions of Users NSLS-II & CFN Macromolecular Crystallography Nanoscience Industry: IBM, Exxon. Mobil, Lucent, Pharmaceuticals Vital for BNL programs: CFN, Catalysis Center, Structural Biology, Environment 2 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

National Synchrotron Light Source • First Dedicated Second Generation Synchrotron and only remaining second generation DOE synchrotron! • Designed in the 1970’s • Operating Since 1982 • Continually updated over the years Improvement in Electron Beam Emittance - Brightness has improved more than 100, 000 fold • However 1990 - The brightness has reached its theoretical limit - Only a small number of insertion devices are possible 2000 Restricted Capabilities of present NSLS limit the productivity and impact of its large user community 3 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

The Mission Need for NSLS-II § Major studies by BESAC, BES, and the National Nanotechnology Initiative have reassessed the research and the scientific tools needed to advance energy technologies. § A common conclusion is that the development of nanoscale materials – as well as the methods to characterize, manipulate and assemble them – is critical for the development of future energy technologies. § The remarkable tools that were developed over the past 30 years for visualizing the nanoworld – in particular, the synchrotron radiation light sources – helped launch the nanorevolution; ; however, none of today’s light sources (anywhere in the world) were designed to probe materials “Light sources with even more advanced with 1 nanometer spatial resolution and with 0. 1 capabilities than the best available today are me. V energy resolution (equivalent to ~1 K). needed to address the challenges put forward in these and other reports. ” 4 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

High Level Description of NSLS-II A highly optimized x-ray synchrotron delivering: • extremely high brightness and flux; • exceptional beam stability; and • a suite of advanced instruments, optics, and detectors that capitalize on these special capabilities. Together, these enable: • ~ 1 nm spatial resolution, • ~ 0. 1 me. V energy resolution, and • single atom sensitivity. 5 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

What Research will NSLS-II Uniquely Enable? • The “nanoscale” covers the length range from 1 BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES ADVISORY COMMITTEE SUBPANEL WORKSHOP REPORT Opportunities for Catalysis in the 21 st Century May 14 -16, 2002 Workshop Chair Professor J. M. White University of Texas to 100 nm, but the low end of this scale is particularly important for many fundamental studies. • Research at the NSLS-II will focus on some of the most important challenges at the lower end of the nanoscale size range, including: • the correlation between nanoscale structure and materials properties and functions; • the mechanisms of molecular self-assembly, which produces exquisite molecular structures in both the living and nonliving worlds; and • the science of emergent behavior, which arises from cooperative behavior of individual components of a system. Molecular Electronics 6 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

NSLS-II Proposal • Science justification and pre-conceptual design • Submitted March 2004 • CD-0 (Approval of Mission Need) August 2005 7 • http: //www. bnl. gov/nsl BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

Approval of CD-0 for NSLS-II by DOE Deputy Secretary Clay Sell 8 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

Joint Photon Sciences Institute (JPSI) Founded to serve as an intellectual center for development and application of photon sciences and gateway for users of NSLS-II • Office space, meetings areas, and laboratories • Collaborative, interdisciplinary R&D in areas of physical and life sciences that are united in employing synchrotron-based methods • advanced materials energy sciences • biomedical imaging structural biology • advanced instrumentation (optics, detectors, robotics) • $30 M building construction funding commitment from NYS • Issues: • Operations funding • Overlap of JPSI staff/activities w/ those of NSLS-II and BNL core programs • Relationship with external community (joint appts, etc) 9 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

NSLS-II Project Organization • Currently 118 staff (~ 62 FTEs) working on NSLS-II • Mostly from NSLS, CAD, SMD, Physics • A few people from APS are on board full time • Other staff from APS, SNS, MIT, others are under support contracts 10 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

Staff Development Actu al Projected 11 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

Recent Activities • Lattice and Accelerator Configuration Review – May 11 -12 • DOE Review – May 16 • Cost Review – June 13 • Acquisition Strategy Workshop – June 20 -21 • DOE Review – July 18 • Acquisition Strategy submitted • CDR A/E on board and A/E held several programming meetings • Special site studies completed (Geotechnical, RFI, Vibration) • Awarded contract and conducted constructability review & indep. cost estimate for conventional facilities • Completed detailed cost estimate & refined project WBS • Completed draft of almost all of CDR. No technical show stoppers. • Environmental Assessment completed; FONSI approved by BHSO 12 • Held all four NSLS-II advisory committee meetings in October BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

> 100 Contributors to CDR James Ablett, Rudy Alforque, Marc Allaire, Dario Arena, Alfred Baron, Ron Beauman, Johan Bengtson, Lonny Berman, Wayne Betts, Scot Buda, Clement Burns, Larry Carr, Bob Casey, Mark Chance, Barrett Clay, Scott Coburn, Leo Dalesio, Roger Dejus, Bob Delasio, Steve Dierker, Elaine Di. Masi, Mike Dudley, Ken Evans-Lutterodt, Marty Fallier, Rick Felter, Conrad Foerster, George Ganetis, Thomas Gog, Diane Hatton, Richard Heese, John Hill, Chris Homes, Hsiao-chaun Hesuh, Steve Hulbert, Chris Jacobsen, PK Job, Erik Johnson, Peter Johnson, Chi-Chang Kao, Stephen Kramer, Sam Krinsky, Tony Kuczewski, Jef Landgraf, Jerome Lauret, Vladimir Litvinenko, Yun Luo, Zhongchi Luo, Jorg Maser, Richard Michta, Lisa Miller, Mark Miller, Simon Mochrie, Christoph Montag, Paul Montanez, Christie Nelson, Paul Northrup, Payman Mortazavi, Satoshi Ozaki, Igor Pinayev, Boris Podobedov, Dennis Poshka, George Rakowsky, Mohan Ramanathan, Harald Reichart, Ian Robinson, Kathleen Robinson, Jim Rose, Cecilia Sanchez. Hanke, Alec Sandy, Dieter Schneider, Timur Shaftan, Sushil Sharma, Qun Shen, Yuzhen Shen, Wuxian Shi, Deming Shu, Yuri Shvyd’ko, Peter Siddons, Nick Simios, John Skaritka, Ivan So, Peter Stephens, Vivian Stojanoff, Robert Sweet , Peter Takacs v. Toshi Tanabe, Elio BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE 13

NSLS-II Visitors (since Jan 1) • • • • • • Suzanne Herron (ORNL) Ray Johnson (ORNL) Carl Strawbridge (ORNL) Judy Trimble (ORNL) Dong Wang (MIT) Ivan Bazarov (Cornell) Jerry Hands (Sandia) Georg Hofstaetter (Cornell) Barry Miller (Consultant) Sushil Sharma (ANL) Defa Wang (MIT) Fuhua Wang (MIT) Karl Bane (SLAC) Michael Borland (ANL) Yong-Chul Chae (ANL) Louis Emery (ANL) PK Job (ANL) Gregory Portmann (LBNL) Kem Robinson (LBNL) Yuri Shvyd’ko (ANL) Jim Yeck (U. Wisconsin. Madison) Simon Mochrie (Yale) • • • • • • Alfred Baron (SPring 8) Andrea Baron (LLNL) Alex Lumpkin (ANL) Ryutaro Nagaoka (SOLEIL) Ruben Reininger (Consultant) Ian Robinson (University College) Qun Shen (APS) Anatoly Snigirev (ESRF) Christoph Steier (LBNL) Gennady Stupakov (SLAC) Gode Westefeld (BESSY) Carlo Bocchetta (ELETTRA) Michael Boege (SLS) Max Cornaccia (SSRL) Mikael Eriksson (MAXLAB) Jorg Maser (APS) Mohan Ramanathan (APS) Hal Amick (HDR) Bob Dalesio (SLAC) Roger Dejus (ANL) Oliver Hignette (ESRF) Mark Jamison (HDR) Tom Kasmam (HDR) 14 • • • • • • Kevin Mc. Cullough (Washington Group ) Alex Sandy (MIT) Christian Schroer (Ins. Strukturphysik) Amad Soueid (HDR) Lou Vitaly (HDR) Al Walker (HDR) Bob Barnes (Zander) Robert Bove (Zander) Thomas Gog (ANL) WY Lee (Indiana University) David Robin (LBL) Brian Rusthoven (ANL) Werner Joho (PSI) Ferdinand Willeke (DESY) Frank De. Paola (APS) Steve Damico (Jacobs) Vincent Mangeri (Jacobs) Daniel Quinn (Jacobs) Vishy Ravindranath (APS) Om Singh (APS) Nathan Towne (Consultant) Hanspeter Vogel (ACCEL) Marc Tricard (QED Technologies) BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

NSLS-II Storage Ring Performance Goals • Spectral coverage • ~ 10 e. V to ~ 20 ke. V via combination of undulator types • > 100 ke. V via wiggler beamlines • IR from 1 cm-1 to 10, 000 cm-1 via BMs • Average Brightness greater than any other synchrotron from 10 e. V to 20 ke. V 21 2 2 • > 10 p/s/0. 1%/mm /mrad from ~ 2 ke. V to ~ 20 ke. V • > 1019 p/s/0. 1 %/mm 2/mrad 2 at 100 e. V • Flux • > 1015 ph/s/0. 1%bw from ~ 10 e. V to ~ 20 ke. V • ~ 1016 ph/s/0. 1%bw at ~ 2 ke. V • Beam size, stability: • sy < 5 mm, sx < 50 mm, but combination of high-bx high flux beamlines & low-bx imaging beamlines • Stability in size and angle ~ 10% of average values • Top-off Operation • Current stability 1% • Minimize perturbation of beam during top-off injection • Pulse Length • No constraints for most experiments - want to pursue psec capability at one or two beamlines • At least 20 ID Beamlines • Want to chicane straight sections for two IDs/straight in some straights • Would like to preserve upgrade path for operation as an ERL 15 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

NSLS-II Brightness 16 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

NSLS-II Flux 17 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

NSLS-II Project Scope Accelerator Systems • Storage Ring • Linac and Booster Injection System Experimental Facilities • Trust fund for a suite of initial beamlines and instruments Conventional Facilities • Improvements to Land • Ring Building • Central and distributed Lab/Office Buildings • Utilities • R&D • Advanced optics for achieving 1 nm and 0. 1 me. V • Advanced insertion devices 18 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

NSLS-II Site Plan Site Features • Grade ~ 4 ft • Glacial sand • Largely undeveloped • Stability • Low Site Prep Costs • Proximity to CFN, Core Programs & Future JPSI 19 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

NSLS-II Computer Rendering 20 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

Future Expansion 21 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

NSLS-II Beamlines • 15 five m straights for user undulators • Could potentially drive up to 30 beamlines by canting two undulators • 4 eight m straights for user undulators • Could potentially drive up to 12 beamlines by canting three undulators • 8 eight m straights for user damping wigglers • Could potentially drive up to 16 beamlines by splitting DW beam • 20 BM ports for UV and Soft X-rays At least 57 beamlines • 10 BM ports for IR Many more w/ multiple IDs per straight • 5 large aperture for far-IR, 5 regular aperture for mid/near-IR Multiple hutches/beamline are also possible 22 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

Long Beam Lines 23 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

Mechanism for Beamline Development • Spallation Neutron Source and Linear Coherent Light Source model • Coordinate users to define scientific case and instrumentation specifications for each beamline • Users and/or facility submit proposals to funding agencies • Facility constructs and operates the beamlines • Partner user • Research resources and others funded by NIH and NSF • Industrial research • Others User groups will work with the facility to define scientific mission and technical requirements for beamlines. • Beamline Advisory Teams • Facility receives funding and designs, constructs, and operates beamlines • Beamline Development Teams • User group receives funding and designs, constructs, and operates beamline BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE 24

Transitioning Operations From NSLS to NSLS-II • Continue operations of NSLS until NSLS-II operational • Move NSLS programs to NSLS-II • Overlap operations while programs transfer over (< 1 year) • NSLS and NSLS-II staff merge to operate NSLS -II • Present NSLS Building Renovated for Other Programs 25 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

Future Upgrades • Fully build-out beamlines • Add three Lab-Office Buildings • Reduce emittance from 1. 0 to 0. 6 nm • Requires five more 7 -m DW and 2 more RF cavities – Three 7 -m DW and 2 RF cavities in base scope • Increase energy (3. 5 or 4 Ge. V) and/or current (700 m. A) • Present shielding designed for 3. 6 Ge. V at 500 m. A • Would require additional RF • Long-term upgrade to operate as an ERL not precluded 26 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE

Summary • Baseline scope established which meets • • • performance and cost goals Conceptual Design and cost/schedule estimates progressing well Recruitments underway for additional staff We are on track to deliver CDR and other documents in early November and to hold a successful review in December 27 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE