National Population and Housing Census 2011 Nepal Presented

National Population and Housing Census – 2011, Nepal Presented on: United Nation Workshop on Census Evaluation 2 -6 December, 2013, Hanoi, Vietnam Presented by: Purushotam Subedi Ganesh Acharya Government of Nepal

Outline of Presentation v v v Nepal in Brief Historical Background of census in Nepal National Population and Housing Census, 2011 Analytical Study Challenges faced during the census operation Recommendations for the next Census

Nepal in Brief Location between India and China Total Area – 147, 181 sq. km. Total Population- 26. 5 million. Altitude Range- Minimum 70 m. and maximum 8848 m. Mt. Everest – The top of the World is identity and glorious. Great variety of topography and diversity of weather and climate. A Multiethnic, Multi-lingual, Multi-religion and Multicultural country.

Historical Background of Census Population Census started by 1911. Conducting Decennially. 11 th Census conducting in 2011. Census conducted in 1952/54 is considered to be first modern census. (Because introducing internationally comparable concepts, definitions and classification. Computer processing was introduced for the first time in 1971 census.

National Population and Housing Census 2011 Overview Recruitment of Supervisors and assign the area for field work Field Work of Household Listing Apr 28 – May 03, 2011 May 15 – Jun 01, 2011 Sample Selection and Preparation for Enumerators' Training Jun 02 – 03, 2011 MTOT for Supervisors who work as a resource person in Enumerators' Training Jun 05 - 06, 2011 Recruitment of Enumerators' and assign the area for Field Work Jun 07, 2011 Tuesday Enumerators' Training Jun 08 – 14, 2011 Deadline for Enumerators to reach the assigned area for fieldwork Jun 16, 2011 Thursday Census Jun 17 – 27, 2011 Census Day Jun 22, 2011 Wed Deadline for Enumerators' to submit the filled up questionnaires to supervisor Jun 28 – Jul 02, 2011 Dissemination of Preliminary Census Results October, 2011

Organization and Management A steering committee headed by the Hon. Vicechair man of NPC. A Technical Committee was formed under the chair of the DG, CBS. Special thematic committees formed for publicity, data processing etc. Various working groups. District Census Coordination committee.

Basic Concepts and Reference of data A person was counted at his/her usual place of residence. Usual place of residence is defined as a place where a person had been living or intends to live for at least six months. A person absent from usual place for a short period for the purpose of treatment or pilgrimage or similar causes is treated as present in the usual place. Persons away or absent from birth place or usual place for employment or study or business purpose is considered absent population and thus, not counted as present population.

Basic Concepts and Reference of data � Homeless Cont. . or mobile population was counted at the place where they were traced on the last day of enumeration or 27 June 2011. This method in brief, is termed as ‘modified de jure’. � Questions on literacy and level of education were asked to all persons aged 5 years and above. � Questions on activities were asked to all persons of age 10 years and above living in the households selected systematically. � Accordingly, his or her activities, occupation and industry of current employment were recorded using Individual Form 2 in the census.

Census Questionnaire and Other tools Used 3 types of forms Listing Form Individual Form-1 Individual Form-2

Listing Form : It contains � Questions on number of houses � Household members (By Sex, Agricultural land operated and livestock owned)

Individual Form 1 It contains Questions on: Ø Type of houses, Ø Household facilities/assets, Ø Ownership of house or land of female members of the households, Ø Details of absent member of households. It also included in the form-1 are: name, relationship to head, sex, age, caste/ethnicity, marital status and age at first marriage, religion, mother tongue and second language, citizenship, type of disability, literacy and level of education.

Individual Form 2 It contains the question on: � migration, � fertility, � labor force, � occupation, � industry, � employment status � living arrangement of children Note: But this firm (form-2) is used for every eighth household by selected systematically

Human Resource Total field staff engaged –Around 41000 Enumerator- 31000 Supervisor- 7900 Others -2000 Supervisor- enumerator ratio was 1: 4. Women participation more than 40%

Management of Census Result Ø Ø Ø Preliminary result released on Sept. 2011. It has included the total no. of houses, household and sex-wise population by 75 district. Final Result is planned to release in different Phases and volumes e. g. volumes on demographic characteristics, volume on social characteristics, Volume on Literacy and education, volume on economic characteristics, volumes on migration and absent population, Special volume by gender characteristic and urban areas will also produce and release.

Methodology Used � Census result analyze by experts � Applied ‘Modified De Jure’ method � Followed by: ◦ Trend Analysis, ◦ Social and Demographic analysis, ◦ Economic demography.

Cooperation of Development Partners UNFPA: - Technical assistance, Pilot census, field work and PES Analysis UNWOMEN: - publicity and development of information, education and communication material DANIDA: - Development of EA maps UNDP: - Designing and developing of training materials UN Census Bureau: - Technical support on final stage data processing.

Major Highlights of Census Data

Household Information Total Population: 26494504 (26. 5 million) Male: - 12849041 (48. 50%) Female: - 13645463 (51. 50%) Households : 5427302 (5. 4 million) Individual: 5423297 Institutional: - 4005 Ownership of housing units: Own house reside: 85. 26% Rental: 12. 81% Others: 1. 93% Source of drinking water: Tap/Piped used 47. 78% Tube well/ Hand Pump 35% Uncovered Well/ Kuwa 17. 22%

Individual Characteristics Sex Ratio: - 94. 16% Population Density : - 180 per sq. km. Urban Population : 17% Working Age Population : 57% (15 to 59 yrs. ) Caste Ethnicity : - 126 Caste/Ethnic group Mother Tongue : -123 Language Spoken Literacy : 65. 9% ( 5 yrs. and above) Religion : Hindu: 81. 3% Kirat: 3% Buddhist: - 9% Christian: - 1. 4% Islam: 4. 4% Rest: Misc.

Population Trends in various census � Inter- Censual Population Change Census year Population Inter censual Annual exponential changes growth rate (%) 1911 5638749 - - - 1920 5573788 -64961 -1. 15 -0. 13 1930 5532574 -41214 -0. 74 -o. o 7 1941 6283649 751075 13. 58 1. 16 1952/54 8256625 1972976 31. 40 2. 27 1961 9412996 1156331 14. 01 1. 64 1971 11555983 2142987 22. 77 2. 05 1981 15022839 3466856 30. 00 2. 62 1991 18491097 3468258 23. 09 2. 08 2001 23151423 4660326 25. 20 2. 25 2011 26494504 3343081 14. 44 1. 35

Result of Evaluation Between Recent and Previous Census (Preliminary) S. N. Description Result/Situation Remarks 1. No. of Population Increase By 3343081 2. Growth Rate Decrease 1. 35 from 2. 25 3. Average Households size Decrease 4. 88 from 5. 44 4. No. of houses Increase By 22% 5. Average Increase 69. 1 from 65 6. Literacy rate (5 yrs. and above ) Increase 65. 9% from 54. 1% 7. Sex ratio Decrease 94. 2 from 99. 80 8. Population Density Increase 180 From 157 9. Population by Broad age group (population bonus) Increase 57% from 54% 10. Urbanization Increase 17. 07% from 13. 9

Some Vital Indicators Crude Birth Rate 33. 1 27. 7 24. 3 Crude Death Rate 9. 6 8. 3 - Total Fertility Rate (per women) 4. 1 3. 1 2. 6 Infant Mortality Rate 64 48 46 Mortality Rate under five 91 61 54 Source: Demographic Health Survey

Activity perform to make quality control � Conducted consultation and roundtable workshop with stakeholders and data users. � Pre-reviewed and revised the questionnaire and manuals by specialists and GESI experts � Provided the Master training program for all supervisor and training program for all enumerator. � Independent monitoring and observation by civil society. � Key entry operation were monitored and supervised by Core Team of CBS.

Activity perform to make quality control cont… � None of the wards or VDC or any parts of the country is missed in census which could not happen in 2001 due to the conflict. � Census questionnaires, enumeration and other manual, EA maps were major tools used to conduct field enumeration. � Ratio of supervisor to enumerator is improved to 1: 4 as compared to 1: 5 in 2001. � The work load on an average is 828 persons per enumerator against 1135 in 2001.

Challenges faced during the census period. � Making a new constitution is national priority instead of census. � People’s aspiration are very high (various caste, social group) � High expectation from users (They demanded for more questions to be included in questionnaire � The longest questionnaire itself. � Financial Resource management was critical � Managing large number (40, 276 persons) of human resource of different level was one of the major challenges. � Lack of Qualified Personnel (i. e. internal experts. Enumerator etc. )

Recommendation for next census Financial resources should be manage � Selection of technology and methodology could be fixed in advance to avoid errors. � Number of census questions should be optimally determined; open questions should strictly be minimized; and a viable new technology should be explored for more efficient field operation and data processing. � Enumeration area (EA) maps should be prepared in time and use extensively for reducing coverage errors in the census. � Field staff should mostly be recruited from unemployed educated youths and priority should be given to college students. � A Special Census Act that mandates for an independent commission for the census, facilitates financial and human resources required, eases quick procurement of census materials and services and, addresses gender and social inclusion in overall management of the operation is recommended. �

Thank You For your Kind Attention