National Institutes of Health Building 37 Modernization Katie

National Institutes of Health Building 37 Modernization Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University Department of Architectural Engineering Spring 2005 Thesis

Presentation Outline • General Project Information • Project Team • Existing Conditions • Redesign Goals • Mechanical Redesign • Solar Analysis • Structural Analysis • Conclusions • Acknowledgements • Questions Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

General Project Information • Located in Bethesda, Maryland on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) campus • Began modernization phases in 1997 • $82. 8 million Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Presentation Outline • General Project Information • Project Team • Existing Conditions • Redesign Goals • Mechanical Redesign • Solar Analysis • Structural Analysis • Conclusions • Acknowledgements • Questions Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Project Team • Owners: – National Institutes of Health (NIH) – National Cancer Institute (NCI) • Architects: – FLAD & Associates, Inc. – Louviere, Stratton & Yokel (LSY) • Engineers: – AEPA Architects & Engineers, P. C. – Affiliated Engineers, Inc. (MEP) – James Posey Associates, Inc. (Consulting Engineers) – Aerosol Monitoring & Analysis (Environmental) – Rathgeber/Goss Associates (Structural) – JBG Engineers (Audiovisual) • General Contractor: – Whiting Turner • CM: – Smith Management Construction, Inc. Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Presentation Outline • General Project Information • Project Team • Existing Conditions • Redesign Goals • Mechanical Redesign • Solar Analysis • Structural Analysis • Conclusions • Acknowledgements • Questions Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Existing Conditions • Architectural Features – Two circulation towers – Four utility corridors • Architectural Design – – 21, 889 m 2 (235, 613 ft 2) 6 stories above grade Offices & laboratories Mechanical penthouse Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Existing Conditions • Electrical/Lighting – Underground duct system from Bldg 36 – Main distribution: 4000 A, 480 Y/277 V, 3 -phase, 4 -wire – Transformers: (3) 2500 k. VA, 13. 8 k. V to 480 Y/277 V, 3 phase, 4 -wire – Fluorescent light fixtures: RF suppression ballasts – Laboratory lighting density = 2. 5 W/m 2 Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Existing Conditions • Structural – Steel column grid matrix – Pre-cast concrete panels – Pre-tensioned concrete floor slabs • Roof System – Concrete slab on metal roof deck – Roof drains Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Existing Conditions • Mechanical – (8) 100% OA AHUs supplying to a zoned VAV system • Approximately 28, 000 -29, 000 L/s (59, 000 -61, 000 cfm) – (8) Fume exhaust fans 32, 000 L/s (68, 000 cfm) – District heating/cooling • Chilled water: 6ºC, (3) constant speed tertiary pumps • Steam: 20, 000 lbs/hr, 165 psi • Fire Protection – Passive System • Corridors: 1 hour fire rating • Independent risers for fume hoods – Active System • Zoned automatic sprinkler system Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Presentation Outline • General Project Information • Project Team • Existing Conditions • Redesign Goals • Mechanical Redesign • Solar Analysis • Structural Analysis • Conclusions • Acknowledgements • Questions Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Redesign Goals • Mechanical – – Energy Efficient Decreased Cooling Load Cost Savings State-of-the-Art Laboratory and Research Facility • Solar – Decrease Peak Electrical Load – Cost Efficient • Structural – Support Additional Loads of New Equipment Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Redesign Goals • Mechanical Design Conditions Outdoor Design Conditions Cooling Heating DBT ºC WBT ºC 34. 3 24. 1 -10. 3 N/A Indoor Design Conditions Cooling Heating Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option DBT ºC % RH 23 50 21 50 NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Presentation Outline • General Project Information • Project Team • Existing Conditions • Redesign Goals • Mechanical Redesign • Solar Analysis • Structural Analysis • Conclusions • Acknowledgements • Questions Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Mechanical Redesign • Passive Desiccant Dehumidification – Energy Recovery – Cross-contamination concerns with fume hoods – Based on SEMCO model: EXCLU-SIEVE 3 Ǻ molecular sieve desiccant coating Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Mechanical Redesign • SEMCO EXCLU-SIEVE TE 3 -70 Model AHU Face Velocity Pressure Loss Effectiveness Purge Volume Chiller Reduction Capacity Boiler Reduction Capacity Fpm In. wg % Supply Return cfm tons boiler hp AHU-1 800 0. 8 83. 5 1. 73 0. 63 1. 22 0. 51 3800 336. 23 147. 12 AHU-2 850 0. 9 82. 5 1. 73 0. 63 1. 22 0. 51 3800 347. 44 152. 03 AHU-3 850 0. 9 82. 5 1. 73 0. 63 1. 22 0. 51 3800 347. 44 152. 03 AHU-4 800 0. 8 83. 5 1. 73 0. 63 1. 22 0. 51 3800 336. 23 147. 12 AHU-5 800 0. 8 83. 5 1. 73 0. 63 1. 22 0. 51 3800 336. 23 147. 12 AHU-6 800 0. 8 83. 5 1. 73 0. 63 1. 22 0. 51 3800 336. 23 147. 12 AHU-7 850 0. 9 82. 5 1. 73 0. 63 1. 22 0. 51 3800 347. 44 152. 03 AHU-8 850 0. 9 82. 5 1. 73 0. 63 1. 22 0. 51 3800 347. 44 152. 03 Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option Unit Effectiveness Cooling Unit Effectiveness Heating NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Mechanical Redesign • Performance Data – – – Velocity: 900 fpm Wheel efficiency: 76% Pressure drop: 0. 94 in. wg Wheel model size: 70 Airflow rate: 29, 900 L/s (63, 360 cfm) C = 89. 4 in B = 79. 1 in • Unit Dimensions – Net weight: 4680 lbs – Flow area/side: 70. 4 ft 2 – Nominal airflow: 26, 500 L/s A = 171. 5 in (56, 000 cfm) Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 W = 23. 0 in D = 84. 3 in The Pennsylvania State University

Mechanical Redesign AHU-# Equipment First Cost ($) Installation Cost ($) First Cost Savings ($) Immediate Payback w/ Positive PCV ($) Cooling Capacity Required (tons) Existing Cooling Load (tons) Heating Capacity Required (MBH) Existing Heating Load (MBH) AHU-1 45, 000 22, 500 60, 362 233, 838 161. 59 178. 6 1165 415. 7 AHU-2 45, 000 22, 500 64, 030 241, 280 168. 02 204 1217 105. 8 AHU-3 45, 000 22, 500 64, 030 241, 280 168. 02 175 1217 104. 1 AHU-4 45, 000 22, 500 60, 362 233, 838 161. 59 168. 2 1165 87. 1 AHU-5 45, 000 22, 500 60, 362 233, 838 161. 59 167. 8 1165 80. 3 AHU-6 45, 000 22, 500 60, 362 233, 838 161. 59 167. 1 1165 72. 4 AHU-7 45, 000 22, 500 64, 030 241, 280 168. 02 167. 4 1217 74. 3 AHU-8 45, 000 22, 500 64, 030 241, 280 168. 02 165. 7 1217 80. 9 Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Presentation Outline • General Project Information • Project Team • Existing Conditions • Redesign Goals • Mechanical Redesign • Solar Analysis • Structural Analysis • Conclusions • Acknowledgements • Questions Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Solar Analysis • Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Cells – Converts solar radiation into electric power – Feasibility • 4 -5 k. Wh/m 2/day – Peak Electric Load • 5, 846, 644 k. Wh – BP Solar 4160 S • 62. 7”x 31. 1” • 2480 modules • 512, 216 k. Wh Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Solar Analysis Total Initial Costs = $3, 424, 712 2. 1 years Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Presentation Outline • General Project Information • Project Team • Existing Conditions • Redesign Goals • Mechanical Redesign • Solar Analysis • Structural Analysis • Conclusions • Acknowledgements • Questions Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Structural Impact Analysis • Increased Loading Mechanical Equip. 4, 680 lbs PV Solar Modules 84, 320 lbs Total 121, 760 lbs = 121. 8 kips • ASCE 7 -98 – Roof Live Load (Lr=20 R 1 R 2=16 psf) – Reduction in Live Load • LRFD – Member sizing (Columns and Composite Beams) Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Structural Impact Analysis Roof Design Non. Column Design Mechanical Floor composite Design 1. 3 C 24 with t=3. 3” LW concrete slab W 12 x 26 Composite Beam 253 kips 203 kips 516 kips 413 kips 165 N 4 k Joist Girder 778 kips 623 kips Composite 3 VLI 17 with t=6. 5” NW concrete slabs Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option 1040 kips 16 K 2 Joists 833 kips with 2 Rows Bridging NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Presentation Outline • General Project Information • Project Team • Existing Conditions • Redesign Goals • Mechanical Redesign • Solar Analysis • Structural Analysis • Conclusions • Acknowledgements • Questions Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Conclusions • Recommendations Total Equipment First Cost ($) Installation Cost ($) First Cost Savings ($) Immediate Payback w/ Positive PCV ($) Cooling Capacity Required (tons) Existing Cooling Load (tons) Heating Capacity Required (MBH) Existing Heating Load (MBH) 360, 000 180, 000 497, 568 1, 900, 472 1318. 44 1393. 8 9530 10206 Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Presentation Outline • General Project Information • Project Team • Existing Conditions • Redesign Goals • Mechanical Redesign • Solar Analysis • Structural Analysis • Conclusions • Acknowledgements • Questions Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Acknowledgements • Special Thanks to… – – – – The AE Department, Staff & Faculty AEI sponsor: Michael Soong LSY sponsors: James Louviere and Christine Ward Smith Management sponsor: Randy Baer Mechanical Professors, especially Dr. Jim Freihaut My Family and Friends AE Class of 2005 Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University

Questions Katie L. Mc. Gimpsey Mechanical Option NIH Building 37 Modernization Spring 2005 The Pennsylvania State University