Nanoscience WJEC Chemistry Unit 2 2 1 part

Nanoscience WJEC Chemistry Unit 2 - 2. 1 (part) WJEC Science (Double Award) Unit 5 - 5. 1 (part)

What is a nanoparticle? One million nanoparticles placed side by side would span 1 mm.

Macro…. . 93 Billion light years The universe telescope

Macro…. . 100 thousand light years The milky way (our galaxy) telescope

Macro…. . 13 thousand km The Earth (our Planet) telescope

Macro…. . 320 km Wales telescope

Macro…. . 150 metre Principality stadium telescope

Macro…. . 2 metre Person Eye

Macro…. . 2 cm Your finger Eye

Macro…. . mm 1 Pencil point Eye

Micro…. . microscope 300 micrometer Flea

Micro…. . microscope 40 micrometer Human hair

Micro…. . microscope 20 micrometer One blood cell

Micro…. . microscope 4 micrometer One Bacterium E-coli

Electron microscope Nano…. . 400 nanometre One Flu Virus (Influenza)

Electron microscope Nano…. . 40 nanometre Molecule of protein

Nano …. . 1 nanometre Molecule of Carbon 60 Electron microscope

Properties of Nanoparticles Silver (nano) The properties of nano particles are different to the material in it’s bulk form. Silver in this form shows different properties: 1) antibacterial 2) antiviral 3) antifungal e. g. In each of the above examples, the silver nanoparticles prevent the organism’s respiratory enzymes from working, and so kills them in minutes. silver Nano sized silver Special socks are now available that include silver nanoparticles in order to heal conditions such as athlete’s foot. Research has shown that silver can also be used to treat many diseases, from flu to HIV.

Using Silver Nanoparticles The silver nanoparticles in this sock kills odour causing bacteria and keep the socks fresh! Coating the inside of the fridge with silver nanoparticles ensures that any microbe is killed and keeps the fridge clean hygienic and safe. Nanoparticles in the washing machine ensure that the clothes are cleaned and disinfected.

Properties of Nanoparticles Titanium dioxide The properties of nano particles are different to the material in it’s bulk form. Titanium dioxide in the nano form shows the following properties: 1) absorbs UV light 2) reflects UV light 3) catalyses breakdown of dirt in presence of UV light e. g. titanium dioxide As nano titanium dioxide absorbs and reflects UV light it is used in sun creams, it is also transparent which appeals to consumers. It is also used in self cleaning windows. It coats the glass, helps to break down the dirt and water will spread out in a thin film rather than droplets. nano titanium dioxide

Advantages and disadvantages of using nanoparticles Disadvantages Advantages Nanoparticles