Nanoscience Chapter 6 GCSE Science Chemistry 1 Chapter

Nanoscience Chapter 6 GCSE Science Chemistry 1

Chapter 6 GCSE Science What is a nanoparticle? One million nanoparticles placed side by side would span 1 mm.

Macro…. . 93 Chapter 6 GCSE Science Billion light years The universe telescope

Macro…. . 100 Chapter 6 GCSE Science thousand light years The milky way (our galaxy) telescope

Macro…. . 13 Chapter 6 GCSE Science thousand km The Earth (our Planet) telescope

Macro…. . 320 Chapter 6 GCSE Science km Wales telescope

Macro…. . 150 Chapter 6 GCSE Science metre Millennium Stadium telescope

Macro…. . 2 Chapter 6 GCSE Science metre Person Eye

Macro…. . 20 Chapter 6 GCSE Science cm Science textbook Eye

Macro…. . 2 Chapter 6 GCSE Science cm Your finger Eye

Macro…. . Chapter 6 GCSE Science mm 1 Pencil point Eye

Micro…. . microscope 300 Chapter 6 GCSE Science micrometer Flea

Micro…. . microscope 40 Chapter 6 GCSE Science micrometer Human hair

Micro…. . microscope 20 Chapter 6 GCSE Science micrometer One blood cell

Micro…. . microscope 4 Chapter 6 GCSE Science micrometer One Bacterium E-coli

Electron microscope Nano…. . 400 Chapter 6 GCSE Science nanometre One Flu Virus (Influenza)

Electron microscope Nano…. . 40 Chapter 6 GCSE Science nanometre Molecule of protein

Electron microscope Nano…. . 1 Chapter 6 GCSE Science nanometre Molecule of Carbon 60

Properties of Nanoparticles The properties of substances change entirely when in nano-sized form. Chapter 6 GCSE Science e. g. silver Silver (macro) Silver is a ductile and malleable metal (slightly harder than gold). It’s white with a metallic sheen capable of high shine. It has the highest electrical conductivity of any metal, even copper, and so is used to coat high quality electrodes/ electronic connections. Pure silver also has the highest heat conductivity of all metals (diamond is the only non-metal that’s higher). Because it reflects well, it’s used as a background for mirrors. Silver salts react to light, and silver nitrate is used in photographic film.

Properties of Nanoparticles Silver (nano) The properties of substances change entirely when in nano-sized form. Silver in this form shows different properties: 1) It’s antibacterial 2) It’s antiviral 3) It’s antifungal Chapter 6 GCSE Science In each of the above examples, the silver nanoparticles prevent the organism’s respiratory enzymes from working, and so kills them in minutes. Special socks are now available that include silver nanoparticles in order to heal conditions such as athlete’s foot. Research has shown that silver can also be used to treat many diseases, from flu to HIV.

Using Silver Nanoparticles The silver nanoparticles in this sock kills odour causing bacteria and keep the socks fresh! Chapter 6 GCSE Science Coating the inside of the fridge with silver nanoparticles ensures that any microbe is killed and keeps the fridge clean hygienic and safe. Nanoparticles in the washing machine ensure that the clothes are cleaned and disinfected.

Advantages and disadvantages of using nanoparticles Advantages Some h antiba ave c antivi terial, ra and a l ntifun gal pr ope Could penetrate skin and cause undesired side-effects rties ies, t r e rop uses p l sua o new u n U ing t lead Chapter 6 GCSE Science Preparation of certain catalysts Disadvantages Easily release into th d environ e ment Nanoparticles There is a lot that we don’t know about nanoparticles at the moment. Much more research is needed before their use becomes widespread