Naming and grouping organisms according to characteristics and

� Naming and grouping organisms according to characteristics and evolutionary history � Aristotle-first classification system �Plant or animal group Plants-stem type �Used common names � Problems with this? animals-where they live

� Grouped organisms by structure and form (morphology) � Created a system of hierarchy � Used taxon groups

General group-lots of organisms King Phillip came Over for great spaghetti Great way to remember order! Specific group/not many organisms Can produce fertile offspring

Use the level after the word: Examplephylum is a group of similar classes Family is a group of genuses

� Kingdom-Animalia � Phylum-Chordata � Class-Mammalia � Order-primate � Family-Hominidae � Genus-Homo � Species-Sapiens

� 2 word naming system � Latin or Greek � 1 st name-genus; capitalized; can be abbreviated �Homo � 2 nd sapiens= H. sapiens name-species; lowercase � Must underline or italics

� Definition: Evolutionary relationships amongst organisms � Form of evolutionary classification � Create a phylogenetic tree �More like a hypothesis �Can change

� Fossil record � Embryology � Structure and form � DNA and proteins

� Identifies and looks at only those characteristics that have arised in lineages over time �Humans: walking upright � Characteristics that appear in recent parts of a lineage and not in older members-derived characteristics � Use to construct a cladogram �Shows relationships �Help understand independent evolution

� What is the connection between evolution and classification? � How does genetics and protein synthesis connect with these two?