n DNA AND RNA DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID RIBONUCLEIC ACID

n DNA AND RNA DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID & RIBONUCLEIC ACID

WHAT IS DNA MADE OF? NUCLEOTIDES: WHAT ARE NUCLOTIDES MADE OF? n PHOSPHATE GROUP, DEOXYRIBOSE SUGAR (PENTOSE SUGAR), NITROGENOUS BASE (THYMINE, ADENINE, GUANINE, CYTOSINE) n

NITROGEN BASES PYRIMADINES (1 RING IN STRUCTURE): THYMINE, CYTOSINE n PURINES (2 RINGS IN STRUCTURE): ADENINE, GUANINE n

DNA STRUCTURE DOUBLE HELIX (TWISTED LADDER) n RUNGS OF LADDER=COMPLIMENTARY BASES HELDED TOGETHER BY 2 OR 3 HYDROGEN BONDS n SIDES OF LADDER=ALTERNATING PHOSPHATES AND SUGARS (SUGARS ARE BOND TO BASES ALSO) n

CARBONS IN DEOXYRIBOSE ARE NUMBERED FROM 1 PRIME TO 5 PRIME n SIDES OF DNA MOLECULE ARE ORIENTED IN A 3 PRIME TO 5 PRIME DIRECTION, OR A 5 TO 3 PRIME DIRECTION: 5 CARBONS AND 3 CARBONS BOND PHOSPHATES n

WHAT WERE THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DISCOVERY OF DNA? FRANKLIN, GRIFFITH, HERSHEY, CHASE, WATSON, CRICK, CHARGAFF DESCRIBE THEIR EXPERIMENTS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS

CLONING (KWL) WHAT DID YOU KNOW? n WHAT DID YOU WANT TO KNOW? n WHAT DID YOU LEARN? n ETHICAL ISSUES? n

RNA (RIBONUCLEIC ACID) m. RNA, r. RNA, t. RNA n m. RNA takes message from DNA to ribosomes n r. RNA translates the message from m. RNA (translation) n t. RNA transfers the correct amino acids that are called for by the m. RNA to the ribosomes to form proteins n