歷史 – Vigenère Cipher 改進:Blaise de Vigenère 發明多字母替換 密碼(polyalphabetic substitution cipher) n Vigenère cipher 逐漸被各國採用 n
歷史 – Vigenère Cipher n Vigenère cipher n 明文:ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 組一:ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA 組二:LMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJK n n n 明文:I CAME I SAW I CONQUERED 密文:R NZXV T HLD T XZMBFPIPW 密文: RNZXVTHLDTXZMBFPIPW
歷史 – Vigenère Cipher n Vigenère cipher 機器: Jefferson cylinder
歷史 – Vigenère Cipher 1854年, Vigenère cipher 首次被 Charles Babbage 攻破,但没有公開 n Friedrich Kasiski 於 1863年攻破 Vigenère cipher,並公開了 n
歷史 – 公開金鑰 1994年,RSA 129被Lenstra領導小組破解。 n “We are happy to announce that…” n RSA-129 =1143816257578888676692357799761466120102182967212423 625625618429357069352457338978305971235639587050589890 75147599290026879543541 =3490529510847650949147849619903898133417764638493387 843990820577 * 327691329932667095499619881908344614131776429679929425 39798288533
例1 – 排列 P R I M E D I F F E R E N C E B E T W E E N E L E M E N T S R E S P O N S I B L E F O R H I R O S H I M A A N D N A G A S A K I
例1 – 明文 n 明文: n n n PRIME DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ELEMENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI Prime difference between elements responsible for 広島 and 長崎? 還得去找問題的答案…= =