MYTHOLOGY An Introduction To Mythology and the Greek

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MYTHOLOGY An Introduction To Mythology and the Greek Gods & Goddesses Mr. Dewalt English

MYTHOLOGY An Introduction To Mythology and the Greek Gods & Goddesses Mr. Dewalt English I WHS

What Is a Myth? �Myths are traditional stories, rooted in a particular culture, that

What Is a Myth? �Myths are traditional stories, rooted in a particular culture, that deal with gods, goddesses, and other supernatural beings, as well as human heroes. �Myths often embody religious beliefs and values and explain natural phenomena. �Every early culture has created their own myths.

Mythology Continued �Myths surround our daily lives. �What are some examples of myths that

Mythology Continued �Myths surround our daily lives. �What are some examples of myths that you are aware of?

Myths Found Today � Did you eat Cereal for breakfast? � Research is being

Myths Found Today � Did you eat Cereal for breakfast? � Research is being conducted on Mars. � What did Cupid send you for Valentine’s Day? � It’s Thursday. Is it May or June though? � Cereal from Cerealia; a festival for Ceres the Roman goddess of the harvest. � Mars is the Roman god of war. � Cupid young Roman god. � Thursday- Thor; Norse god of thunder. � May- Maia; Greek goddess of the fields. � June- Juno; Roman goddess of marriage and women.

Mythology Cont. �Originally, myths were used to explain the cause and occurrence of phenomena

Mythology Cont. �Originally, myths were used to explain the cause and occurrence of phenomena in the natural world. �With the advancement of science though, these tales have become more for entertainment purposes rather than to instruct people.

So What Exactly is a Myth? ! � A myth is a traditional story,

So What Exactly is a Myth? ! � A myth is a traditional story, rooted in a particular culture. � Deals with gods and other supernatural beings. � Can also deal with human heroes. � Often embody religious beliefs and values and explain natural phenomena. � Myths can also detail why things occur in life such as the changing of the seasons or reason for human suffering.

Types of Myths 1. Creation Myths 1. Origin Myths 2. 1. Social Myths 3.

Types of Myths 1. Creation Myths 1. Origin Myths 2. 1. Social Myths 3. 1. Ritual Myths 4. Describe how the world or universe came into being. Explain the beginning of customs or names of objects. Reinforce or explain social values or practices. Explain performance of rituals and religious practices.

Words We’ve Acquired from Myths � Narcissism � To love oneself: Narcissus. � Nemesis

Words We’ve Acquired from Myths � Narcissism � To love oneself: Narcissus. � Nemesis � Someone who wants to bring about vengeance; goddess of vengeance. � Meander � Ancient Greek river Maiandros or Maeander; a bend in a river; verb form means to wander aimlessly. � Stoical � School of Greek philosophy that believed people hoping to be wise should be free of joy, grief, and passions.

Purposes of Myth Herakles

Purposes of Myth Herakles

Myths Explain Natural Occurrences �Examples? �Gaea and Ouranos �Thunder and lightning (Zeus) �Earthquakes (Poseidon)

Myths Explain Natural Occurrences �Examples? �Gaea and Ouranos �Thunder and lightning (Zeus) �Earthquakes (Poseidon) �Seasons (Persephone & Demeter) �The sun rises (Greece: Helios’ chariot, Egypt: Ra and Semektet)

Myths Explain Fundamental Philosophical Questions �Early Greeks as proto philosophers � Attempting to answer

Myths Explain Fundamental Philosophical Questions �Early Greeks as proto philosophers � Attempting to answer fundamental questions �Where did we come from? �Who created the universe? �Is there life after death? � To explain is to control � Comfort in knowing

Myths Explain Culture and Institutions � Why women couldn’t vote � To explain is

Myths Explain Culture and Institutions � Why women couldn’t vote � To explain is to control § Athena and Poseidon both want to rule and protect Athens § Gift contest § Poseidon=saltwater well (useless) § Athena=olive tree (olive, wood, oil) § Men vote for Poseidon, women for Athena § Athena wins § Poseidon flood the Attic plain § Athenians blame the women, take away vote

Myths as Means to Instruct �Myths often relay a message or moral � Teach

Myths as Means to Instruct �Myths often relay a message or moral � Teach cultural traditions, values � Icarus—life has limits � Narcissus and the dangers of pride and self love

Myths to Explain History Ø A biased version of history Ø Reinforce Greek culture

Myths to Explain History Ø A biased version of history Ø Reinforce Greek culture and power Ø Trojan War Ø Crete and King Minos Ø Founding of Rome Ø Founded by sons of Mars Ø Gave tellers sense of identity, sense of place

Myths to Entertain � People were illiterate in early Greece � Couldn’t read or

Myths to Entertain � People were illiterate in early Greece � Couldn’t read or write � Entertainment in an oral culture � Blood, shock, exciting tales � The Heroes Ø Herakles, Odysseus, Theseus, Jason Ø Stronger, smarter, more handsome than mere mortals Ø Nobility in humanity Ø Humans are better than gods

Important Greek Gods & Goddesses �Zeus �Hera �Athena �Ares �Aphrodite �Demeter �Hephaestus �Hades �Poseidon

Important Greek Gods & Goddesses �Zeus �Hera �Athena �Ares �Aphrodite �Demeter �Hephaestus �Hades �Poseidon �Apollo �Artemis �Dionysus �Hestia �Hermes

Why Study Mythology?

Why Study Mythology?

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