Mycobacterium tuberculosis in animal and human populations and

Mycobacterium tuberculosis in animal and human populations and bovine tuberculosis in human population in Central European countries during the years 1990 to 1999 I. Pavlik Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: • • M. tuberculosis M. africanum M. bovis BCG M. bovis subsp. caprae (M. caprae) M. canettii M. microti M. pinnipedi Dvorska et al. , Vet. Med. -Czech, 46, 2001, 309 -328. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/46 -12 -309. pdf

Spoligotypes of members of M. tuberculosis complex M. tuberculosis H 37 Rv M. africanum M. tuberculosis Manila genotype M. tuberculosis Beijing genotype M. bovis BCG M. bovis subsp. caprae M. tuberculosis seal genotype M. microti type vole M. microti type Ilama M. canetti Dvorska et al. , Vet. Med. -Czech, 46, 2001, 309 -328. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/46 -12 -309. pdf

Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 45 -51. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/47 -3 -45. pdf

(10. 3 mil. ) Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 90 -98. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -90. pdf

(5. 4 mil. ) Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 90 -98. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -90. pdf

(4. 5 mil. ) Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 90 -98. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -90. pdf

(2. 0 mil. ) Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 90 -98. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -90. pdf

Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 90 -98. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -90. pdf

M. tuberculosis v tuberculous lesions in pigs • Norway 1970 -1975: 3 004/+ 3 (0. 1%), Flesja et al. , 1978 • England 1953 -1968: 626/+67 (10. 7%), Lesslie and Birn, 1970 • USA 1973 -1977: 2 036/+ 1 (0. 01%), Thoen et al. , 1981 • BRD 1961 -1970: 2 055/+ 10 (0. 49%), Schliesser, 1976 • Slovakia 1972: 1 421/+ 1 (0. 07%), Popluhar et al. , 1974 • Total: 9 142/+ 82 (0. 90%) Cited references see in paper: Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 83 -89. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -83. pdf

M. tuberculosis v tuberculous lesions in cattle • BRD 1961 -1970: 1 135/ + 2 (0. 20%) Schliesser, 1976 • Slovakia 1970: 553/ + 1 (0. 18%) Popluhar et al. , 1970 • England 1953 -1968: 14 439/ +13 (0. 09%) Lesslie and Birn, 1970 • USA 1973 -1977: • Total: 7 007/ + 1 (0. 01%) Thoen et al. 1981 23 134/ +82 (0. 90%) Cited references see in paper: Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 83 -89. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -83. pdf

M. tuberculosis v tuberculous lesions in wild animals • USA: 29 (6. 1%) from 474 nonhuman primates and wild ruminants (Thoen et al. , 1981). Cited reference see in paper: Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 83 -89. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -83. pdf

Sources of infection for animals Old visitors Purchased infected animals

1990 -1999 13 13 17 Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 83 -89. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -83. pdf

Animals in zoological garden Gdansk in Poland infected with M. tuberculosis (1990 -1999) African elephant (Loxodonta africana) 1 Agouti (Dasyprocta aguti) 1 Tapir (Tapirus terrestris) 1 Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 83 -89. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -83. pdf 1997 1999

Sources of infection for animals Infected man excreting causal agent of human tuberculosis by: • sputum, • less often urine, or • faeces. (Thoen and Steele, 1995; Grange, 1996). Cited references see in paper: Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 83 -89. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -83. pdf

External environment – source of infection? • In Slovakia M. tuberculosis was isolated from river water with waste water from tuberculosis hospital (Laktis et al. , 1970). Cited reference see in paper: Pavlik et al. , Vet. Med. Czech, 2003, 83 -89. http: //www. vri. cz/docs/vetmed/48 -4 -83. pdf

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