Mutations Mutation damage to genetic material A mutation

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Mutations

Mutations

Mutation: damage to genetic material A mutation is usually not beneficial. Mutagens are things

Mutation: damage to genetic material A mutation is usually not beneficial. Mutagens are things that cause mutations. They include: 1. High Temperatures 2. Toxic Chemicals (pesticides, etc) 3. Radiation (nuclear and solar) 4. Microwave 5. Fruit from the store 6. Radar /cellular phone waves

TYPES OF MUTATIONS 1. Somatic = Skin cells 2. Germinal = Sperm or Egg

TYPES OF MUTATIONS 1. Somatic = Skin cells 2. Germinal = Sperm or Egg This is more threatening because they can be passed to offspring (forever).

Types of mutations 3. Chromosomal: affecting whole or a part of a chromosome 4.

Types of mutations 3. Chromosomal: affecting whole or a part of a chromosome 4. Gene: changes to the bases in the DNA of one gene

How do you get mutations? Mutations can be inherited. Parent to child Mutations can

How do you get mutations? Mutations can be inherited. Parent to child Mutations can be acquired. Environmental damage Mistakes when DNA is copied

Chromosome Mutations Down Syndrome Chromosome 21 does not separate correctly. They have 47 instead

Chromosome Mutations Down Syndrome Chromosome 21 does not separate correctly. They have 47 instead of 46 chromosomes Children with Down Syndrome develop slower, may have heart and stomach illnesses and vary greatly in their degree of intelligence.

Chromosome Mutations Cri-du-chat Deletion of material on 5 th chromosome Characterized by the cat-like

Chromosome Mutations Cri-du-chat Deletion of material on 5 th chromosome Characterized by the cat-like cry made by cri-du-chat babies Varied levels of metal handicaps

Sex Chromosome Abnormalities Klinefelter’s Syndrome XXY, XXYY, XXXY Male Sterility Small testicles Breast enlargement

Sex Chromosome Abnormalities Klinefelter’s Syndrome XXY, XXYY, XXXY Male Sterility Small testicles Breast enlargement

Sex Chromosome Abnormalities XYY Syndrome Normal male traits Often tall and thin Associated with

Sex Chromosome Abnormalities XYY Syndrome Normal male traits Often tall and thin Associated with antisocial and behavioral problems

Sex Chromosome Mutations Turner’s Syndrome X Female sex organs don't mature at adolescence sterility

Sex Chromosome Mutations Turner’s Syndrome X Female sex organs don't mature at adolescence sterility short stature

Sex Chromosome Mutations XXX Trisomy X Female Little or no visible differences tall stature

Sex Chromosome Mutations XXX Trisomy X Female Little or no visible differences tall stature learning disabilities limited fertility

1. Dwarfism (achondroplasia) 2. Gigantism (acromegaly)

1. Dwarfism (achondroplasia) 2. Gigantism (acromegaly)

Acromegaly: André the Giant

Acromegaly: André the Giant

Some mutations even make it on SNL!

Some mutations even make it on SNL!

Johnny & Edgar Winter Albinism albino Africans

Johnny & Edgar Winter Albinism albino Africans

Other Genetic Diseases of Interest Blue People! Progeria

Other Genetic Diseases of Interest Blue People! Progeria

Chromosomal Abnormalities Turners (XO) Kleinfelters (XXY) Down Syndrome Cri du Chat

Chromosomal Abnormalities Turners (XO) Kleinfelters (XXY) Down Syndrome Cri du Chat

Nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes

Nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes

TURNER’S SYNDROME

TURNER’S SYNDROME

KLINEFELTER’S SYNDROME

KLINEFELTER’S SYNDROME

Sickle Cell

Sickle Cell

Celebrities with Sickle Cell T-Boz , Mobb Deep, Tiki Barber

Celebrities with Sickle Cell T-Boz , Mobb Deep, Tiki Barber

MUTATION SPONTANEOUS MUTATIONS INDUCED MUTATIONS MUTATIONS Mutations areMUTATION SPONTANEOUS MUTATIONS INDUCED MUTATIONS MUTATIONS Mutations are
Mutations Mutations overview Smallscale mutations Missense mutations NonsenseMutations Mutations overview Smallscale mutations Missense mutations Nonsense
Mutations Mutations Types of Mutations Point Mutations occursMutations Mutations Types of Mutations Point Mutations occurs
Mutations Mutations Hollywoods images of mutation Mutations ActualMutations Mutations Hollywoods images of mutation Mutations Actual
Mutations Hollywoods images of mutation Mutations Actual MutationsMutations Hollywoods images of mutation Mutations Actual Mutations
GENETIC MUTATIONS Exploring point mutations and chromosomal mutationsGENETIC MUTATIONS Exploring point mutations and chromosomal mutations
Mutations and Genetic Engineering Mutations Types of mutationsMutations and Genetic Engineering Mutations Types of mutations
Genetic Mutations Mutations New inherited traits or mutationsGenetic Mutations Mutations New inherited traits or mutations
Mutations Mutations Mutations are changes in the geneticMutations Mutations Mutations are changes in the genetic
DNA MUTATIONS Advanced Biology MUTATIONS Genetic mutations occurDNA MUTATIONS Advanced Biology MUTATIONS Genetic mutations occur
Human Genetic Mutations What is a mutation MutationsHuman Genetic Mutations What is a mutation Mutations
DNA Mutations Technology What are genetic mutations MutationDNA Mutations Technology What are genetic mutations Mutation
Gene Mutations Mutation Mutation changes in the geneticGene Mutations Mutation Mutation changes in the genetic
Genetic Mutations Unit 4 Lecture 4 Mutations GeneticGenetic Mutations Unit 4 Lecture 4 Mutations Genetic
MECHANISMS OF GENETIC CHANGE GENETIC MUTATION Mutations occurMECHANISMS OF GENETIC CHANGE GENETIC MUTATION Mutations occur
Genetic Mutations What is a Genetic Mutation AGenetic Mutations What is a Genetic Mutation A
Mutations Changes in the genetic material Gene MutationsMutations Changes in the genetic material Gene Mutations
Mutations changes in genetic material Mutations changes inMutations changes in genetic material Mutations changes in
Damage Assessments Catherine Bohn Damage Assessments 2 DamageDamage Assessments Catherine Bohn Damage Assessments 2 Damage
Mutations 1 Base Mutations 2 Chromosomal Mutations WhatMutations 1 Base Mutations 2 Chromosomal Mutations What
Mutations AP Biology Mutations n Point mutations singleMutations AP Biology Mutations n Point mutations single
Mutations 1 Base Mutations 2 Chromosomal Mutations WhatMutations 1 Base Mutations 2 Chromosomal Mutations What
Mutations in DNA Mutations Mutations changes in theMutations in DNA Mutations Mutations changes in the
Types of mutations Point mutations Conditional mutations PointTypes of mutations Point mutations Conditional mutations Point