MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATURK ATATURK THE FOUNDER OF TURKISH

MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATURK

ATATURK, THE FOUNDER OF TURKISH REPUBLIC, DIED ON 10 NOVEMBER 1938

THE EIGHT OF 1938 SYMBOLIZES THAT HE STILL LIVES

MILITARY AND MILLIONS OF PEOPLE COMMEMORATE HIM ON 10 NOVEMBER EVERY YEAR

HIS TOMB IS IN ANITKABIR ANKARATHE CAPITAL OF TURKEY

SOME ATATURK REMEMBERANCE ACTIVITIES TAKE PLACE ON 10 NOVEMBER

EVERYBODY CAN VISIT HIS TOMB IN WEEKDAYS

WHO IS MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATURK? One of the most iconic figures of the early 20 th century, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk is remembered as the leader who emerged from the ashes of the Ottoman Empire to establish Turkey as a sovereign republic. As president, his contributions to the development of a modern, secular Turkey were so influential that even today insulting his memory is a crime punishable by jail time. Born “Mustafa” on March 12, 1881, Turkey’s most famous son came of age in the old Ottoman Empire, which had spent over 600 years in control of large swaths of the Mediterranean Basin. After attending military school from the age of 12, Ataturk cut his teeth as a soldier in actions against the Italians in Libya from 1911 to 1912, and later helped lead forces that blocked the Allied capture of Istanbul in the famous Gallipoli Campaign during World War I. His first foray into politics came in 1919, when he organized a nationalist revolution to drive the occupying Allied powers out of Turkey. After scoring decisive victories against the Greeks and Armenians, he secured the Treaty of Lausanne in July 1923, which recognized Turkey as an independent nation. Later that year, the national assembly established Turkey as a republic with Ataturk as its first president.

As head of state, Ataturk took a tight hold of Turkey’s government and instituted a series of sweeping reforms that sought to establish a more secular, modern and European-style society. He set up state-owned factories and rail networks, passed laws regarding gender equality and women’s suffrage and introduced a program of Westernization that saw Turkey adopt the Gregorian calendar and the Latin alphabet. Most controversial were his religious reforms, which secularized the government and abolished the centuries-old Islamic Caliphate. He also closed religious schools and courts, ended a ban on alcohol and forbid women workers from wearing headscarves. Ataturk would ultimately serve as Turkey’s president for 15 years. Three years before his death in 1938, he was given the honorific surname “Ataturk, ” which means “Father of the Turks. ”

SPEAKING TIME • 1 - HAVE YOU HEARD ABOUT MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATURK BEFORE? • 2 - IF, YES. TALK ABOUT HIM BRIEFLY WITH YOUR TEACHER.

• 3 - WHERE IS ATATURK’S TOMB? HIS TOMB IS IN ANKARA – THE CAPITAL OF TURKEY.

• HIS TOMB IS IN ANKARA – THE CAPITAL OF TURKEY.

4 - WHY IS HE IMPORTANT FOR TURKISH PEOPLE?

• BECAUSE, HE IS THE FOUNDER OF TURKISH REPUBLIC

• 5 - DO YOU HAVE SAME FIGURES LIKE ATATURK IN YOUR COUNTRY? • IF, YES. TALK ABOUT HIM OR HER BRIEFLY.

• FOR MORE INFORMATION, YOU CAN WATCH THE VIDEO ON YOUTUBE • CLICK TO GO • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Tljo_6 Oj 8 o 4

• SOME SAYINGS OF MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATURK

PEACE AT HOME, PEACE IN THE WORLD

Culture is the foundation of the Turkish Republic.

The supreme guide in life is science.

The biggest battle is the war against ignorance.

A nation devoid of art and artists cannot have a full existence.

Everything we see in the world is the creative work of women.

To see me does not necessarily mean to see my face. To understand my thoughts, my feelings is to have seen me.

A healthy mind in a healthy body.

Teachers are the one and only people who save nations.

One day my mortal body will turn to dust, but the Turkish Republic will stand forever.