MUSICAL ELEMENTS RHYTHM MELODY TREBLE CLEF BASS CLEF

MUSICAL ELEMENTS RHYTHM & MELODY

TREBLE CLEF

BASS CLEF

RHYTHM VALUES Whole 4 beats Half 2 beats Quarter 1 beat Eighth ½ beat Sixteenth ¼ beat

RHYTHM VALUES Whole 4 beats 8 Half 2 4 Quarter 1 2 Eighth 1/2 1 Sixteenth 1/4 1/2

Transpose l To move a melody higher or lower l If the melody moves by an octave then all letter names stay the same. l OCTAVE A- A l Bb – Bb l G#- G# – 8 letters higher or lower ex. -

RHYTHM VALUES l. A DOT after a note or rest extends its value by half.

RHYTHM VALUES l. A TIE is a curved line that joins 2 or more notes on the same line or space. The note is played once and is held for the combined value of all.

RHYTHM VALUES l. A SLUR is a curved line joining 2 or more notes on different lines or spaces. This indicates that the notes are to be played smoothly.

ACCIDENTALS l SHARP (#) raises a note slightly to the right, usually played as a black note l FLAT (b) lowers a note slightly to the left, usually played as a black note l Natural ( )erases the effect of the sharp or flat l All accidentals are placed before the note on the same line or space.

Draw the symbol directly before the note to which it applies.

TRANSPOSITION l- rewrite a melody so that it sounds higher or lower l - the direction or shape of the melody always remains the same l - transposing by an octave is the easiest as the letter names remain the same l OCTAVE – a distance of 8 letter names - the same note name higher/lower

TRANSPOSING BY OCTAVES

Naming Ledger Lines l To identify notes above the staff (treble or bass) continue in alphabetical order, including lines and spaces

Naming Ledger Lines l To identify notes below the staff, count backwards in the alphabet, including lines and spaces

Ledger Line Notes