Musculature System How Muscles and Bones Interact 1

Musculature System

How Muscles and Bones Interact 1. Skeleton muscles generate force and produce movement only by contracting or pulling on body parts. 2. Individual muscles can only pull; they cannot push. 3. Skeleton muscles are joined to bone by tough connective tissue called tendons. 4. Tendons are attached in such a way that they pull on the bones and make them work like levers. The movements of the muscles and joints enable the bones to act as levers.

5. Most skeletal muscles work in pairs. 6. When one muscle or set of muscles contracts, the other relaxes. 7. The muscles of the upper arm are a good example of this dual action: a flexor, is a muscle that bends a joint, while an extensor is a muscle that straightens a joint. a. when the biceps muscle (on the front of the upper arm, flexor) contracts, it bends or flexes the elbow joint. b. when the triceps muscle (on the back of the upper arm, extensor) contracts, it opens, or extends, the elbow joint. c. a controlled movement requires contraction by both muscles

Involuntary Muscles • Involuntary muscles are muscles that are not under your conscious control • Involuntary muscles are responsible for activities such as breathing and digesting food

Voluntary Muscles Voluntary muscles are under your control, you cause your body to move • Voluntary muscles are used when you smile, turn a page in a book, get out of your chair etc.

Types of Muscles • There are three types of muscle tissue – skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle • The skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles • The smooth muscle and the cardiac muscle are involuntary

3 types of muscle under microscope Smooth Muscle Cardiac Muscle Skeletal Muscles

Skeletal Muscle • Skeletal muscles help you move, they are attached to the bones of your skeleton • At the end of the skeletal muscle is a tendon, which is a strong connective tissue that connects the muscle to the bone. • Skeletal muscle cells appear banded, or striated • One characteristic of skeletal muscles is that they react very quickly

Smooth Muscle • Smooth muscles are muscles that you do not control. • Smooth muscles can be found inside of many internal organs of the body, such as the walls of the stomach and blood vessels • Unlike skeletal muscles, smooth muscles are not striated. • smooth muscles react more slowly and tire more slowly

Cardiac Muscle • Cardiac muscle is only found in the heart • Cardiac muscle is involuntary • Cardiac muscles are striated • Cardiac muscles do not get tired and they contract repeatedly

Quick Contaction • ehlers-danlo • Action Potential • myofilament • Muscle Contraction contraction • Sarcomere Contraction • ATP Breakdown