Muscular System Latin Root Words Latin Root Word

Muscular System

Latin Root Words Latin Root Word Definition Sarco Muscle Myo Muscle Epi- Above Peri- Around Endo- Inside -Um Structure Fascia Band Mere Part Reticulum Net -ase Enzyme Synergy working together Agonist Prime mover Antagonist Working against

Tissue Review Primary purpose of Muscles? Movement

Tissue Review Cardiac Skeletal Smooth

The Muscles: Each muscle is an organ comprised of skeletal Muscle Connective tissue coverings, _____tissue, several ______ Nervous Blood to _______ tissue to cause it to contract, and ______ nourish it. Example Question: Muscles are organs that are composed of what types of tissues?

• Connective Tissue Coverings: A muscle has several dense connective coverings. Layers of dense connective tissue, called ____, Fascia surround and separate each muscle. This connective tissue extends beyond the ends of the muscle and gives Tendon that are fused to the periosteum rise to cord like ____ of bones. Sometimes muscles are connected to each other by broad aponeurosis sheets of connective tissue called __________

Aponeurosis

• Connective Tissue Coverings: Under the outer layer another layer of connective tissue around each whole muscle is called the epimysium (above the muscle) ______________ Perimysium (around the muscle) surrounds The ______________ individual bundles of muscle fibers called ______ Fascicles within each muscle Each muscles cell (fiber) is covered by a connective tissue Endomysium (inside the muscle) layer called ____________

Bone Epimysium Perimysium Tendon Endomysium Fascicle Perimysium Endomysium Muscle Fiber Fascicle Perimysium

• Skeletal Muscle Fibers Structure The muscle fiber membrane is called the Sarcolemma __________ which contains the cytoplasm sarcoplasm called _________. Within the sarcoplasm are many parallel Myofibrils __________composed of smaller filaments and Thin Filaments called Thick __________. These myofilaments are actually two types of filaments, a thicker filament composed of the protein myosin _______ and a thinner mostly made of the actin protein _______.

Bone Tendon Fascia Epimysium Perimysium Endomysium Nucleus Fascicle Nerve B. V. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Myofibril Muscle Fiber Sarcolemma Actin (Thin) Myosin (Thick)

• Skeletal Muscle Fibers Structure A bands and the light The dark stripes are called ___ I bands are called _______. Sarcomere A ________ is defined as a unit extending from Z line one _____ line to the next (center of the light band. )

Skeletal Muscle Fiber Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Actin Sarcomere Myosin Myofirbril H zone I Band Z Line A Band M Linke A Band I Band

H Zone Z line I Band M line A Band Z line I Band

Sarcomere Anatomy • I Band = Light, Thin Actin Filaments only • A Band = Dark, Thick Myosin Filaments and Thin Actin Filaments • Z line = I band (actin filaments) connect to Z line • H Zone = Thick Myosin Filaments only • M Line = Thickening in the H zone

Muscle Identification • Use the text book to label the muscles in your packet. • You will need to begin memorizing these muscles. • Page 188 - 199