Muscular System By Dr Shivarama Bhat OBJECTIVES To
Muscular System By Dr Shivarama Bhat
OBJECTIVES • • • To know about 3 types of muscle tissue. Parts of a skeletal muscle. Coverings of a skeletal muscle. Neuromuscular junction. Arrangement of muscle fibres. Naming of skeletal muscles.
MUSCLES • Make up 40% body weight. • About 600 individual muscles are present attached to bones. • Present in cardia. • Present in viscera, tubes.
Introduction: • Muscles are organs that use chemical energy to contract and produce movements of body or its parts. • The three types of muscle in the body are: – skeletal – smooth – cardiac muscle 8 -4
3 Types of Muscle Tissue
Smooth Muscle Fibers elongated cells with tapered ends (spindle shaped) One nucleus per cell involuntary lack striations and transverse tubules undeveloped sarcoplasmic reticulum Found in walls of hollow organs • • • 8 -6
Cardiac Muscle • branching, striated cells • One nucleus per cell • Striated • Connected by intercalated discs • Transmits muscle impulse from cell to cell
Skeletal Muscle • Long, multinucleate cylinders • Striated • Voluntary
Parts of a skeletal muscle.
ATTACHMENTS • ORIGIN • INSERTION
PARTS • BELLY. • TENDON, APONEUROSIS.
Parts of a Skeletal Muscle
TENDON & APONEUROSIS
RAPHAE
Sharpey’s Fibres
Structure of a Skeletal Muscle Each muscle is an organ made of several tissues: 1. skeletal muscle tissue 2. connective tissues 3. nervous tissue 4. blood vessels/blood 8 - 16
8 - 17
Connective tissue coverings/muscle organization 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Fascia Epimysium Periamysium Endomysium Muscle fiber Myofibrils Filaments
Fascia Epimysium Perimysium Muscle Fiber Endomysium
NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
Skeletal Muscle Actions Muscles are connected to bones at origins and insertions Origins are ends that do not involve movement insertions usually span a joint that moves
Interaction of Skeletal Muscles Prime mover is the muscle responsible for the movement Synergists are helper muscles Antagonists are opposing muscles
RETINACULA
LIGAMENTS, FASCIA
TROCHLEA
BURSA
Major Skeletal Muscles are named according to any of the following criteria: size, shape, location, action, number of attachments, or direction of its fibers.
Types of skeletal muscles.
QUESTIONS • Name different types of arrangement of skeletal muscle fibres. • Enumerate the differences and similarities of 3 types of muscle tissues.
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