Muscles of the Pelvis and Lower Limbs Muscles
Muscles of the Pelvis and Lower Limbs
Muscles of the pelvis and lower limb Three functional groups 1. Muscles that work across the hip joint; move thigh 1. Muscles that work across the knee joint; move the leg 1. Muscles that work across the joints of the foot; move the ankle
Muscles that move thigh 1. 2. 3. Gluteal muscles Adductors Hip flexors ALL have insertions on the femur and therefore cause movement of thigh
Gluteal muscles � Cover the lateral surface of the ilia � Actions: extension, rotation, abduction at the hip � Gluteus maximus = largest and most posterior � Gluteus minimus = smallest; deep medius � Gluteus medius = intermediate maximus medius minimus
Adductors �Actions: adduction �Muscle strain = pulled groin �Pectineus �Adductor brevis= shortest �Adductor longus= longest �Adductor magnus= largest �Gracilis
Pectineus brevis longus magnus gracilis
Iliopsoas �Actions: hip flexion �Two muscles Psoas major Iliacus
iliacus psoas Pectineus brevis longus magnus gracilis
Muscles that move the leg
Muscles that move the leg 1. 2. 3. Hamstrings (3 muscles) Quadriceps (4 muscles) Sartorius ALL have insertions on the tibia and fibula and therefore cause movement of the leg
Hamstrings �Action: knee flexion �Three muscles Biceps femoris (lateral) Semitendinosus (midline) Semimembranosus (medial)
Gluteus maximus Add. magnus semitendinosus gracilis semimebranosus Biceps femoris
Quadriceps �Action: extension of knee �Four muscles Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis = lateral Vastus medialis = medial Vastus intermedius = deep
iliopsoas pectineus Add. longus gracilis v. lateralis Rectus femoris V. medialis
Sartorius �Action: hip flexion AND knee flexion Assists the hamstrings
iliopsoas Gluteus maximus pectineus Add. longus gracilis Add. magnus semitendinosus sartorius v. lateralis gracilis semimebranosus sartorius Biceps femoris Rectus femoris V. medialis
Muscles that move the foot
Muscles that move the foot 1. 2. 3. 4. Tibialis anterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Fibularis ALL have insertions on the tarsals and metatarsals and therefore cause movement of the foot
Tibialis anterior �Action: dorsiflexion �Microtears associated with “shin splints” Tibialis anterior
Gastrocnemius (“stomach” “knee”) �Calf muscle �Action: plantar flexion
Soleus �Action: plantar flexion �Gastrocnemius and soleus share a common tendon, the Achilles tendon
Fibularis �Actions: plantar flexion and eversion Fibularis Tibialis anterior
gastrocnemius soleus
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