Muscles of the Lower Limb Movement at the
Muscles of the Lower Limb
Movement at the Hip Joint v. Gluteus Maximus • Superficial muscle of hip that forms flesh of buttock • Most important for extending hip when power is needed • Sacrum + iliac bones gluteal tuberosity of femur + iliotibial tract
Movement at the Hip Joint v. Gluteus Medius • Ilium Femur • Hip abductor, steadies the pelvis for walking • Site for intramuscular injections • Maximus overlies the sciatic nerve
Movement at the Hip Joint v. Iliopsoas • • Iliacus and psoas major Iliac bone lesser trochanter of femur Prime mover of hip flexion Keeps upper body from falling backwards while standing
Movement at the Hip Joint v. Adductor Muscles • • Form medial side of each thigh Press the thighs together Gravity does most of their work Pelvis femur (proximally)
Movement at the Knee Joint v. Hamstrings • Posterior thigh • Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendonosus • Ischial Tuberosity Proximal Tibia • Prime movers of thigh extension and knee flexion • Butchers use tendons to hang hams for smoking
Movement at the Knee Joint v. Sartorius • Most superficial thigh muscle, thin, and strap-like • Anterior iliac crest Medial side of Tibia • Weak thigh flexor • “Tailor’s muscle”*
Movement at the Knee Joint v. Quadriceps • 1 rectus femoris & 3 vastus muscles form anterior thigh • Femur + Pelvis Tibial Tuberosity by patellar ligament • Extend the knee powerfully • Rectus femoris helps flex hip • RF + Vastus lateralis intramuscular injections sites mostly for infants
Sartorius
Movement at the Foot & Ankle v. Tibialis Anterior • Superior muscle on anterior leg • Upper tibia tarsal bones • Acts to dorsiflex and invert foot
Movement at the Foot & Ankle v. Extensor Digitorum Longus • Lateral tibial condyle + proximal radius Phalanges 2 -5 of foot • Prime mover of toe flexion* • Dorsiflexor of foot
Movement at the Foot & Ankle v. Fibularis • Longus, brevis, tertius in lateral part of leg • Fibula Metatarsals • Plantar flex and evert foot
Movement at the Foot & Ankle v. Gastrocnemius • Two-bellied muscle forms cruved calf of posterior leg • Two heads on each side of distal femur through Calcaneal/Achilles tendon heel • If tendon breaks walking is impaired, heel cannot be lifted* • Prime mover for plantar flexion • “Toe dancer’s muscle”
Movement at the Foot & Ankle v. Soleus • Fleshy muscle, strong plantar flexor • Tibia and fibula through Calcaneal/Achilles tendon heel
Lower Limb Muscles v. Anterior View
Lower Limb Muscles v. Posterior View
Questions 1. Which is the “tailor’s muscle”? A. Ipsoas B. Gastrocnemius Femoris C. Sartorius D. Rectus 2. The prime mover of toe flexion is? A. Extensor Digitorum Longus B. Tibialis Anterior Fibularis C. Ipsoas D. 3. A patient’s calcaneus/achilles tendon is cut during surgery, what will happen to him and
Sources • Essentials of Human Anatomy, Ninth Edition Textbook http: //wps. aw. com/wps/media/objects/5382/ 5512191/ebook/htm/0 ehap 9. htm • University of Michigan Medical School http: //www. med. umich. edu/lrc/coursepages/m 1/anatomy 2010/html/anatomytables/muscles_l owerlimb. html • Radiopaedia https: //radiopaedia. org/articles/muscles-ofthe-lower-limb
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