Muscles Crossing the Shoulder Joint Nine muscles cross

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Muscles Crossing the Shoulder Joint • Nine muscles cross the shoulder joint to insert

Muscles Crossing the Shoulder Joint • Nine muscles cross the shoulder joint to insert on and move the humerus Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Muscles Crossing the Shoulder Joint • Some originate off the scapula; others originate off

Muscles Crossing the Shoulder Joint • Some originate off the scapula; others originate off the axial skeleton • Three are prime movers of the arm • Pectoralis major • Latissimus dorsi • Deltoid • Actions include flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation of humerus Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Muscles Crossing the Shoulder Joint • Four muscles are rotator cuff muscles ØSupraspinatus ØInfraspinatus

Muscles Crossing the Shoulder Joint • Four muscles are rotator cuff muscles ØSupraspinatus ØInfraspinatus ØTeres minor ØSubscapularis • Reinforce the capsule of the shoulder • Act as synergists and fixators • Two additional muscles are synergists: coracobrachialis and teres major Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Clavicle Deltoid Sternum Pectoralis major Coracobrachialis Triceps brachii: Lateral head Long head Medial head

Clavicle Deltoid Sternum Pectoralis major Coracobrachialis Triceps brachii: Lateral head Long head Medial head Biceps brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis (a) Anterior view Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10. 14 a

Supraspinatus* Spine of scapula Deltoid (cut) Greater tubercle of humerus Infraspinatus* Teres minor* Teres

Supraspinatus* Spine of scapula Deltoid (cut) Greater tubercle of humerus Infraspinatus* Teres minor* Teres major Triceps brachii: Lateral head Long head Latissimus dorsi Humerus Olecranon process of ulna Anconeus (b) Posterior view Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. * Rotator cuff muscles Figure 10. 14 b

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 10. 12 Part 1

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 10. 12 Part 1

Muscles Crossing the Elbow Joint • Anterior flexor muscles • Brachialis and biceps brachii—chief

Muscles Crossing the Elbow Joint • Anterior flexor muscles • Brachialis and biceps brachii—chief forearm flexors • Brachioradialis—synergist and stabilizer Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Clavicle Deltoid Sternum Pectoralis major Coracobrachialis Triceps brachii: Lateral head Long head Medial head

Clavicle Deltoid Sternum Pectoralis major Coracobrachialis Triceps brachii: Lateral head Long head Medial head Biceps brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis (a) Anterior view Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10. 14 a

Muscles Crossing the Elbow Joint • Posterior extensor muscles • Triceps brachii—prime mover of

Muscles Crossing the Elbow Joint • Posterior extensor muscles • Triceps brachii—prime mover of forearm extension • Anconeus—weak synergist Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Supraspinatus* Spine of scapula Deltoid (cut) Greater tubercle of humerus Infraspinatus* Teres minor* Teres

Supraspinatus* Spine of scapula Deltoid (cut) Greater tubercle of humerus Infraspinatus* Teres minor* Teres major Triceps brachii: Lateral head Long head Latissimus dorsi Humerus Olecranon process of ulna Anconeus (b) Posterior view Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. * Rotator cuff muscles Figure 10. 14 b

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 10. 12 Part 2

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 10. 12 Part 2

Muscles of the Forearm • Actions: movements of the wrist, hand, and fingers •

Muscles of the Forearm • Actions: movements of the wrist, hand, and fingers • Most anterior muscles are flexors and insert via the flexor retinaculum • Most posterior muscles are extensors and insert via the extensor retinaculum Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Muscles of the Forearm • Some forearm muscles act to produce pronation and supination

Muscles of the Forearm • Some forearm muscles act to produce pronation and supination of the forearm Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Muscles of the Forearm • Pronators: pronator teres and pronator quadratus • Supinator: a

Muscles of the Forearm • Pronators: pronator teres and pronator quadratus • Supinator: a synergist with the biceps brachii Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Muscles of the Forearm: Anterior Compartment • Flexors • Flexor carpi radialis • Palmaris

Muscles of the Forearm: Anterior Compartment • Flexors • Flexor carpi radialis • Palmaris longus • Flexor carpi ulnaris • Flexor digitorum muscles (superficialis and profundus) • Flexor pollicis longus Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Superficial transverse ligament of palm Palmar aponeurosis Flexor retinaculum Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor carpi

Superficial transverse ligament of palm Palmar aponeurosis Flexor retinaculum Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Pronator quadratus Flexor pollicis longus Palmaris longus Flexor carpi radialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Medial epicondyle of humerus Pronator teres Medial head of triceps brachii Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Brachioradialis Tendon of biceps brachii (a) Biceps brachii Figure 10. 15 a

Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis (cut) Lumbricals Tendon of

Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis (cut) Lumbricals Tendon of flexor pollicis longus Thenar muscles of thumb Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris (cut) Pronator quadratus Flexor pollicis longus Flexor digitorum profundus Supinator (c) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10. 15 c

Muscles of the Forearm: Posterior Compartment • Extensors • Extensor carpi radialis longus and

Muscles of the Forearm: Posterior Compartment • Extensors • Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis • Extensor digitorum • Extensor carpi ulnaris • Extensor pollicis brevis and longus • Extensor indicis • Abductor pollicis longus Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Extensor expansion Tendons of extensor digitorum Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis

Extensor expansion Tendons of extensor digitorum Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis longus Extensor digitorum Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi radialis longus Tendons of extensor carpi radialis brevis and longus Extensor indicis Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris Flexor carpi ulnaris Anconeus Insertion of triceps brachii Brachioradialis (a) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10. 16 a

Interossei Extensor indicis Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Abductor pollicis longus Supinator Anconeus

Interossei Extensor indicis Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Abductor pollicis longus Supinator Anconeus Olecranon process of ulna (b) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10. 16 b

Movements of the Wrist and Fingers • Flexion and extension • Abduction and adduction

Movements of the Wrist and Fingers • Flexion and extension • Abduction and adduction Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10. 12 Part 3

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10. 12 Part 3

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