Muscles and Bones Exoskeleton and Endoskeleton Exoskeleton a
Muscles and Bones
Exoskeleton and Endoskeleton • Exoskeleton – a skeleton on the outside of the body • Endoskeleton – a skeleton on the inside of the body
Organisms with exoskeletons • • Clams Crabs Insects Spiders
Organisms with endoskeletons • • Fish Reptiles Birds Mammals
What is bone? • Bone – is a type of connective tissue that is hard and inflexible
5 Major Functions of Bone: 1. Shape, structure and support for the body 2. Protect organs such as brain, heart, lungs, and spinal cord 3. Site of attachment for skeletal muscles 4. Storage for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus 5. RBCs, WBCs, and platelets are made in bone marrow
What is bone marrow? • Bone marrow – is the tissue located inside of bones that makes: 1. red blood cells 2. white blood cells 3. platelets
A joint in the skeletal system is defined as: • Joint – a point in the skeleton where bones meet
Types of joints Name of joint Where is it located? • Hinge • knee, elbow • Ball and socket • shoulder, hip • Gliding • Pivot • wrist, ankle • neck
• Where in the human body do you find a joint where the bones don’t move? – Cranium • What is the name of this joint? – Immovable
• What is commonly found between bones? – Cartilage • What is the function of this tissue? – Cartilage is a connective tissue that bends easily and acts as “padding” between bones to prevent them from rubbing together
3 Major Types of Muscle: Type of Muscle Where is it found? Voluntary or Involuntary? Skeletal Attached to bones Voluntary Smooth Walls of digestive organs, arteries/veins Involuntary Cardiac Heart Involuntary
Connective Tissue • A tendon connects muscle to bone. • A ligament connects bone to bone.
- Slides: 15