Muscle Physiology Muscles Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth

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Muscle Physiology

Muscle Physiology

Muscles • Skeletal Muscle • Cardiac Muscle • Smooth Muscle

Muscles • Skeletal Muscle • Cardiac Muscle • Smooth Muscle

Microanatomy of Skeletal Muscle

Microanatomy of Skeletal Muscle

• Each muscle cell (fiber) is 10 -80 micrometer ln diameter & is

• Each muscle cell (fiber) is 10 -80 micrometer ln diameter & is covered by a cell-membrane called Sarcolemma. • Each cell contains between a few hundreds to a few thousands Myofibrils. • Each Myofibril contains 3000 Actin filaments & 1500 Myosin filaments. • Each myofibril is striated: consisting of dark bands (called A-bands) and light (I-bands).

Z line

Z line

EXCITATION –CONTRACTION COUPLING • MECHANISIM OF CONTRACTION

EXCITATION –CONTRACTION COUPLING • MECHANISIM OF CONTRACTION

Muscle Contraction Summary • Nerve impulse reaches myoneural junction • Acetylcholine is released from

Muscle Contraction Summary • Nerve impulse reaches myoneural junction • Acetylcholine is released from motor neuron • Ach binds with receptors in the muscle membrane to allow sodium to enter • Sodium influx will generate an action potential in the sarcolemma

Muscle Contraction Continued • Action potential travels down T tubule • Sarcoplamic reticulum releases

Muscle Contraction Continued • Action potential travels down T tubule • Sarcoplamic reticulum releases calcium • Calcium binds with troponin to move the troponin, tropomyosin complex • Binding sites in the actin filament are exposed

Muscle Contraction Continued • Myosin head attach to binding sites and create a power

Muscle Contraction Continued • Myosin head attach to binding sites and create a power stroke • Attachment of ATP, detaches myosin heads and energizes them for another contaction • When action potentials cease the muscle stop contracting

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