Muscle Match Take you sheet of muscle stickers

Muscle Match • Take you sheet of muscle stickers and try to put them on the right muscles!

Key Deltoids Trapezius & Lats

Notes Pg. 30: Muscular System Just kidding

Muscular System • Functions of the muscular system: – A) Movement of the skeleton – B) Regulate blood pressure – C) Move food through the digestive system

Skeletal Muscles • Usually attached to bones • Responsible for voluntary movements – Consciously controlled by the Central Nervous System (brain) • Ex: Used to kick a soccer ball or dance

All work together to help us move

Let’s move! • Flexion & Extension (& Hyperextension) – Ex: Doing pushups – Ex: Carrying the groceries

Let’s move! • Abduction & Adduction – Ex: Riding a horse

Let’s move! • Supination & Pronation – Ex: Balancing/dribbling a basketball

• Circumduction – Ex: Throwing a baseball

Smooth Muscles • Usually NOT voluntarily controlled • Found in the wall of hollow structures such as: – Stomach, blood vessels, intestines • Move food through your digestive tract • Control the way blood flows through your circulatory system • Decreases the size of your eye pupils in bright light • Ex: Rumbling stomach when hungry

Cardiac Muscles • Found only in the heart • Cardio means “heart” in Greek • Under Involuntary control • Ex. When frightened your heart rate increases

How Muscles and Bones Interact • Skeletal muscles are joined to bones by tough connective tissues called Tendons • Tendons are attached to bones in a way that makes them act like levers – The muscle provides the force to move the lever

• Most skeletal muscles work in opposing pairs – Ex: Upper arm: Bicep against Tricep muscles

Bending arm Straightening arm

Exercise & Strength • Skeletal muscles generally remain in a state of partial contraction throughout day – Muscle tone is responsible for keeping your back and legs straight and head upright- even when relaxed – Hence your head dropping if you fall asleep in class • Regular exercise is important for maintaining muscular strength and flexibility, especially as you get older • Muscles that are exercised regularly increase in size and strength by adding actin and myosin- they really do grow bigger!

5 Functions

Types of Joints • Immovable (ex. Skull) • Movable 4 types of movable: 1. Hinge: Back & forth, ex. Knee 2. Ball & Socket: Greatest movement, ex. Hip, shoulder 3. Pivot: Rotation, ex. Neck 4. Gliding: Side-to-side & limited movement, ex. Wrist

We Move in Different Ways

Double-Jointed? • Hypermobile joints are not doubled/extra in any sense • Approximately 5% of the healthy population have one or more hypermobile joints. • Is a weakly stabilized joint because of loose ligaments or tendons • Their joints may be easily injured, be more prone to complete • Can lead to chronic pain or even disability in severe cases. – Musical instrumentalists with hypermobile fingers may have difficulties when fingers lock – Also may display superior abilities due to their increased range of motion for fingers.

Knuckle Cracking • Knuckle "cracking" has not been shown to be harmful or beneficial. More specifically, knuckle cracking does not cause arthritis (inflammation of joints). • Joint "cracking" can result from a negative pressure pulling nitrogen gas temporarily into the joint • "Cracking" sounds can also be heard if tendons snap over tissues because of minor adjustments in their gliding paths. • If cracking is accompanied by pain, there could be underlying abnormalities of the structures of the joint, such as loose cartilage or injured ligaments.

Joint Types Mini. Lab