Muon Collaboration Meeting WELCOME Steve Geer MC Collaboration

Muon Collaboration Meeting WELCOME Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan Collaboration 2004 Meeting, 14 -17 Feb, 2005

Muon Collaboration Meeting Focus Broad review of the status of our R&D and our progress over the last year. Opportunity to discuss our plans for this year and beyond. Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004

Muon Collaboration Goals Muon Collaboration The collaboration is governed by a charter which defines its goals and organization. The goals are defined : “To study and develop theoretical tools and the software simulation tools, and to carry out R&D on the unique hardware, required for the design of Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders. ” Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004

Evolution of Physics Motivation Muon Collaboration Muon Collider: Physics case as strong as it ever was. Neutrino Factory: Physics case as strong or stronger than it ever was. NOTE: Neutrino physics is a very hot topic, and neutrino factories are seen as the ultimate tool for neutrino physics there is a strong case for our R&D. Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004

Neutrinos are Everywhere Neutrinos outnumber ordinary matter particles in the Universe (electrons, protons, neutrons) by a factor of ten billion. Depending on their masses they may account for a few % of the unknown “dark matter” in the Universe Neutrinos are important for stellar processes: ~7 1010 cm-2 s-1 stream through the Earth from the sun. Neutrinos also govern Supernovae dynamics, and hence heavy element production. If there is CP Violation in the neutrino sector, then neutrino physics might ultimately be responsible for Baryogenesis. To understand the nature of the Universe in which we live we must understand the properties of the neutrino. Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004

Neutrinos Oscillations are Exciting Neutrinos have nonzero masses and mixings ! This is exciting because: The Standard Model needs modification accommodate neutrino mass terms, which require either the existence of right-handed neutrinos Dirac mass terms, or a violation of lepton number conservation Majorana mass terms. The physics of neutrino masses & mixings is physics beyond the Standard Model We don’t know the neutrino mass spectrum but we do know that neutrino masses & mass splittings are tiny compared to the masses of the other fundamental fermions. This suggests radically new physics, which perhaps originates at the GUT or Planck Scale, or indicates the existence of new spatial dimensions, or …. . Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004

Neutrino Measurements Drive Theoretical Ideas Although we don’t have complete knowledge of the neutrino mixing matrix, we do know it is qualitatively very different from the quark mixing matrix. This necessarily constrains theoretical ideas about the underlying relationship between quarks and leptons. Over the last few years knowledge of neutrino oscillation parameters has eliminated a previous generation of GUT models, leading to a new set of models designed to accommodate the data. Further oscillation measurements will necessarily reject the majority of the new models, and hopefully lead to new ideas about physics beyond the Standard Model Neutrino Oscillation Measurements Drive Theoretical Ideas. This is expected to continue to be the case throughout the Proton Driver era. Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004

Neutrino Mixing Within the framework of 3 -flavor mixing, the 3 known flavor eigenstates ( e, m, t) are related to 3 neutrino mass eigenstates ( 1, 2, 3) : ( ) (3 3)( ) e m t 1 2 3 = We know that UMNS is very different from the CKM Matrix ( large large ) ( small/tiny/0 ? large Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004 ~1 small tiny small ~1 tiny ~1 )

Neutrino Mixing Matrix In analogy with the CKM matrix, UMNS can be parameterized using 3 mixing angles (q 12 , q 23 , q 13 ) and one complex phase (d) : ( C 12 C 23 S 12 C 13 S 13 e-id -S 12 C 23 -C 12 S 23 S 13 eid C 12 C 23 -S 12 C 23 S 13 eid S 23 C 13 S 12 S 23 -C 12 C 23 S 13 eid -C 12 S 23 -S 12 C 23 S 13 eid C 23 C 13 ) We do not know the values of q 13 or the CP phase d. If q 13 and d are non-zero, there will be CP Violation in the neutrino sector. Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004

Neutrino Mass Spectrum The oscillations are driven by the mass splittings: m 2 ij m 2 i - m 2 j Normal Inverted 2 1 3 m 2 atm Mass 2 1 or } m 2 sol m 2 atm 3 ~ 2. 5 x 10– 3 e. V 2 2 |= 2, m 2 sol =~ 8 x 10– 5 e. V | m atm Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004

Neutrino Measurements For the moment, set aside the LSND result. From the solar-, atmospheric-, and reactor-neutrino data we already know a lot about the mixing matrix and mass splittings: Solar Neutrinos Atmos. Neutrinos m e not seen … but note that we have only an upper limit on q 13, and know nothing about d. We need search for m e oscillations ! Steveto Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004

Physics Sensitivity Fraction of d-space Muon Collaboration Mass Hierarchy (95% CL) 0. 001 CP Violation (3 s) 0. 01 0. 001 0. 1 sin 22 q 13 Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004 12

Muon Collaboration In the last year our collaboration been very active … Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004 13

MEETINGS: NUFACT 04 – NUFACT 05 Muon Collaboration Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004

Muon Collaboration Our R&D Program is becoming increasingly International 1. MICE has scientific approval and some funding 2. Targetry experiment at CERN is (almost) approved 3. FFAG ring studies and planning for a future international demonstration experiment proceeding 4. NUFACT meetings remain healthy (see you at Frascati , June 21 -26 !) Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004 15

Muon Collaboration Funding is tight but. . . 1. We had a strong MUTAC review April last year: 2. Our base FY 04 MC funding level (wrt FY 03) was flat, but we succeeded in getting some supplementary funds. 3. In FY 05 the base MC DOE funding is up 300 K$ (earmarked for MICE). Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004 16

Muon Collaboration 1. 2. 3. 4. Steve Geer … Ups and Downs … NSF 3 -year funding ended & no renewed funding for this yet 100 K$ x 3 years (=300 K$) new NSF funding for MICE ICAR funding ended Muons Inc funding increased MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004 17

Muon Collaboration FY 06 DOE Budget Request Significant Program Shifts Room for guarded optimisim Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004 18

Muon Collaboration MCOG Request MCOG wants to make sure that, given realistic funding levels, our plans match available resources, and goals are clear. MCOG has requested a 5 -year “strategic” plan, assuming flat funding. We can also produce a more optimistic plan based on an increased funding scenario (but should assume no more than a factor of 2, say, increase). Our strategic plan should be ready before our next MUTAC review (May this year ? ) … this MC meeting is our opportunity to discuss the big picture as a Collaboration … as we step towards our updated plan. Steve Geer MC Collaboration Meeting Jan 2004 19