Multimission platform and Brazilian EO satellites Gilberto Cmara

Multimission platform and Brazilian EO satellites Gilberto Câmara INPE http: //www. dpi. inpe. br/gilberto

The need for global land observation n The world is changing rapidly ¨ Climate n Change is here to stay Global land observation is a crucial need for the world, but its future is uncertain ¨ MODIS is very useful, but has no future ¨ What will happen to LANDSAT? n Global land observation systems are a public good

The need for fast monitoring of change n Protecting the Amazonian rain forest n Annual wall-to-wall detailed survey ¨ Uses n LANDSAT-class satellites Daily monitoring of new deforestations ¨ Uses MODIS-class satellites

Altamira (Pará) – LANDSAT Image – 22 August 2003

Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 07 May 2004

Imagem Modis de 2004 -05 -21, com excesso de nuvens Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 21 May 2004

Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 07 June 2004

Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 22 June 2004 6. 000 hectares deforested in one month!

Altamira (Pará) – LANDSAT Image – 07 July 2004

Go to the field. .

. . . and get the bad guys!

Cumaru do Norte (PA) Desmatamento 2005 -2006 Desmatamento 2004 -2005 Floresta Desmatamento anterior

Rationale for Brasil’s SSR-1 satellite n n n Brazil needs satellites with fast revisit for real time deforestation detection We currently use MODIS (daily revisit) but need a better spatial resolution The AWFI (advanced wide field imager) sensor in CBERS-3 has 60 meter resolution every 5 days SSR-1 will have a AWFI with 40 meter resolution every 5 days With the AWFIs of CBERS-3 and SSR-1, we will cover Amazônia every 2 days

Meeting Brazil’s needs for remote sensing 100 Tecnology 2000 PAN CB 3 50 Revisit (metres) Tecnology 2008 CCD CB 2/CB 3 Tecnology 2015 10 Deforestation mapping Agriculture identification AWFI CB 3 5 WFI CB 2 AWFI CB 3 + AWFI SSR 1 Agriculture mapping Deforestation detection 1 1 5 10 50 100 Resolution (days) 1000

US satellites used for Amazon deforestation monitoring 2006 LANDSAT-5 1984 LANDSAT-8 2012 MODIS 2001 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 LANDSAT/5 – 30 metre resolution every 16 days MODIS – 250 metre resolution every day 2013

Brazilian remote sensing satellites Launch CBERS-2 2003 CBERS-2 B 2007 CBERS-3 2009 CBERS-4 2012 SSR-1 2009 SSR-2 2012 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Meeting Brazil’s needs for remote sensing n Today - We monitor Amazônia with 250 meters resolution every day n In 2009, Brazil will have the capacity to monitor Amazonia and the entire Earth with 50 meters resolution every 2 days

Multimission platform Brazil’s project of medium-sized satellites

MMP: General purpose bus n n n Earth observation missions polar or near–equatorial orbit 600 to 1200 km height up to ~300 kg payload weight 175 W average / 900 W peak power compatibility with launchers in the 500 – 600 kg payload class

Attitude control performance n n Pointing precision: < 0. 05º (3σ) Drift: < 0. 001º/s Attitude determination: < 0. 005º (3σ) Lateral pointing agility: 30º in 180 s

Payload envelope

Possible payloads n Optical (CBERS heritage) ¨ Wide-field imager ¨ Medium resolution camera n Radar ¨ Lightweight n SAR Scientific ¨ GPM sensors

Optical payload (SSR-1)

SSR-1 optical payload AWFI 0, 45 -0, 52 B Spectral bands ( mm) Spatial resolution (m) Swath (km) Revisit period (days) 0, 52 -0, 59 G 0, 63 -0, 69 R 0, 77 -0, 89 NIR 40 800 5

SAR payload (SSR-2) subreflector, data downlink antenna reflector antenna feed horn SAR payload solar panel MMP

SSR-2 SAR payload Parameters Frequency Polarization Incidence interval Spatial resolution Swath Orbit Coverage Look direction Revisit period Access to data Add. requirements L band single, dual and quad polarization 20° – 45° 3 – 20 m 20 – 55 km sun-synchronous global ascending/descending and left/right weekly near real time Interferometry and stereoscopy