Multimessenger Trigger of JUNO Ziping Ye Donglian Xu

Multi-messenger Trigger of JUNO Ziping Ye Donglian Xu, Feiyang Zhang, Jianglai Liu T. D. Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University @ Cos. Nu. MM 2019 Workshop 2019 -11 -28 1

Outline Ø JUNO Detector Ø Multi-messenger Trigger • Lower threshold - filtering algorithms • Particle identification • Monitor astrophysical neutrino burst • Physics potential 2

Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory ( JUNO ) 3

Exploit JUNO as a Neutrino Telescope with MM-Trigger • Lower trigger threshold Process Unit Expand the observe energy window Gather Unit • Particle identification hit time & position Select IBD & vp. ES events threshod ~ 200 ke. V Suppress backgrounds • Monitor transient signal T-Q stream + waveform Astrophysical neutrino bursts 4

Lower Trigger Threshold – Filtering Algorithm Challenge : Remove most dark noise Achieve high trigger efficiency for physical events • Remove > 99. 85% dark noise • Achieve almost 100% trigger efficiency at ~ 50 ke. V • Retain ~ 20% trigger efficiency as low as ~ 20 ke. V 5

Neutrino Luminosity of Core Collapse Supernovae 6

Counts per bin Lower Threshold – More Physics IBD Neutronization burst vp. ES Low energy Neutrino trapping v Large cross section v Unique signal Very low backgrounds v Neutral current interaction Equally sensitive to all flavor neutrinos v Independent of neutrino oscillation 7

Particle Identification (PID) – Select IBD & vp. ES Events Next plan : Pulse shape discrimination ( PSD ) based on machine learning 8

Monitor Astrophysical Neutrino Burst – Bayesian Blocks • Model independent search of transient signals Find the time and shape of bursts in a self-adjusting way • Independent of signal time-scale core collapse supernova ~ 10 s type Ia supernova ~ 1 s pre-supernova ~ days • Run on FPGA firmware 9

Sensitivity to Supernova Neutrinos Preliminary SN 1987 A ~ 50 kpc 10

Pre-supernova Neutrinos Pre-SN neutrino signals can be used to measure neutrino mass hierarchy. Normal mass hierarchy ( G. Guo , Y. Z. Qian , A. Heger 2019 ) Clean signals No fast collective neutrino oscillation 11

Sensitivity to Pre-supernova Neutrinos Preliminary Normal mass hierarchy 12

Alert to Pre-supernova Neutrinos Preliminary Normal mass hierarchy Alert ~ 5 hours before collapse at 1 kpc Run on FPGA , fast online alert 13

Summary Ø JUNO will be the world largest liquid scintillator neutrino detector. Great opportunity for neutrino astronomy Ø Multi-messenger trigger of JUNO • Lower energy threshold • Select IBD & vp. ES , suppress backgrounds • Monitor astrophysical neutrino bursts • Higher sensitivity to pre-supernova & supernova neutrinos Early alert on pre-supernova neutrinos Ø Global observation networks, fast alerts Multi-messenger observation 14

Thank you ! 15

Backup – Electron & Positron PSD hit-time distribution of positron signal (first pulse of IBD) and electron background 16