Multilevel reversible data hiding based on histogram modification
Multilevel reversible data hiding based on histogram modification of difference images Authors: Chia-Chen Lin, Wei-Liang Tai, and Chin-Chen Chang Source: Pattern Recognition, vol. 41, no. 12, pp. 3582 -3591, 2008 Presenter: Chia-Chun Wu (吳佳駿) Date: 2009/09/04
Outline v Introduction v Requirements v Related work § "Reversible Data Hiding, " Z. Ni, Y. Q. Shi, N. Ansari, and S. Wei, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 354 -362, 2006 v Proposed Scheme v Experimentation & Comparison v Conclusions 2
Introduction v Data hiding v Reversible data hiding 4
Requirements v 1. Payload Size v 2. Image Quality v 3. Reversible 5
Ni et al. ’s scheme (1/2) v Embedding v Cover image Peak bin Zero bin 8 6 4 number {0} {1} 1 2 4 2 1 2 5 2 2 3 1 2 2 4 1 2 3 6 4 2 4 6 5 2 3 2 4 2 2 v Cover image’ 0 v Cover image’ v Stego image 1 2 3 4 5 6 pixel value Secret { 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 } 1 2 5 2 1 3 5 2 2 4 1 2 4 6 5 3 2 2 4 2 4 3 6
Ni et al. ’s scheme (2/2) v Extracting & Recovering Peak bin Zero bin 8 6 4 number {0} {1} v Stego image v Cover image’ 1 3 5 2 1 2 5 2 2 4 1 2 4 6 5 3 4 6 5 2 4 3 4 2 2 Secret { 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 } 0 v Cover image’ 1 2 3 4 5 6 pixel value v Cover image 1 2 5 2 1 2 4 2 2 4 1 2 2 3 1 2 4 6 5 2 3 6 4 2 4 2 3 2 7
Proposed Scheme (1/6) v Stego Cover image Histogram Modification A B’ A’ B C C’ C D’ D Histogram Modification 8
Proposed Scheme (2/6) v Create the histogram v Cover image v Absolute difference image 5 3 4 3 5 2 1 1 2 7 4 3 3 5 3 1 0 2 3 5 4 3 6 2 1 1 3 3 4 3 3 8 6 1 1 0 3 1 1 -1 2 -3 -1 0 2 2 -1 -1 3 0 2 -2 8 6 4 number v Difference image 1 -1 53 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 pixel value 9
Proposed Scheme (3/6) v Embedding Peak bin 8 6 4 number 2 1 1 2 3 1 0 2 2 1 1 3 1 1 0 3 2 {0} {1} v Absolute difference image 0 v Absolute difference image’ 1. 0 5 1 2 3 4 pixel value Secret { 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 } 3 21 1 3 4 1 0 3 3 1 21 4 1 21 0 35 10
Proposed Scheme (4/6) v Stego image generating For the first two pixels in each row For any residual pixels v Difference image’ ? -3 2 -1 3 -4 -1 0 3 3 -1 -2 4 1 -2 0 v Cover image v Absolute difference image’ 3 v Stego image 5 3 4 3 5 3 2 1 3 6 3 5 4 7 7 4 3 3 5 4 1 0 3 8 4 3 3 6 3 5 4 3 6 3 1 2 4 3 6 5 3 7 3 4 3 3 8 1 2 0 3 3 4 2 2 5 11
Proposed Scheme (5/6) v Stego image 3 5 4 7 8 4 3 3 6 5 3 7 3 4 2 2 5 {0} {1} 2 6 Peak bin 8 6 4 number v Extracting & Recovering 0 1. 0 5 pixel value v Absolute difference image’ 3 2 1 3 4 1 0 3 3 1 2 4 1 2 0 3 1 2 3 4 v Absolute difference image Secret { 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 } 2 1 1 2 3 1 0 2 2 1 1 3 1 1 0 3 12
Proposed Scheme (6/6) v Recovering original cover image v Stego image v Absolute difference image 2 1 1 2 3 1 0 2 2 1 1 3 1 1 0 3 v Cover image 6 3 5 4 7 5 3 4 3 5 8 4 3 3 6 7 4 3 3 5 3 6 5 3 7 3 5 4 3 6 3 4 2 2 5 3 4 3 3 8 13
Experimental results (1/4) 14
Experimental results (2/4) 15
Experimental results (3/4) 16
Experimental results (4/4) 17
Conclusions v Proposed a reversible data hiding with large capacity § When the algorithm is performed for nine rounds, the average PSNR is still higher than 30 d. B and the average hiding capacity still can reach 1. 3 bpp. 18
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