MRSA Bloodborne Pathogens WARNING Some of the following

MRSA & Bloodborne Pathogens WARNING: Some of the following pictures may be gross

Objectives l l l Define MRSA, Staph, bloodborne pathogens, and universal precautions Recognize symptoms of MRSA and how it is spread List 2 bloodborne pathogens and their symptoms

MRSA Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureas l What is it? l l “Staph” = bacteria that live on the skin & in the nose Usually harmless l l Estimated though that staph fatalities may exceed AIDS deaths MRSA = type of staph l Resistant to several types of antibiotics

MRSA l Who gets it? l l l Anyone Most often in hospitals & healthcare facilities Athletes or other individuals in high contact activities

MRSA l How is it spread? l l l Touching the infected skin/wound Sharing objects such as towels or athletic equipment Typically through physical contact (not air)

What does MRSA look like? l l l Mainly on skin, in the nose, in wounds, or in urine & blood Around open wounds or other openings where bacteria can get inside the body Common skin conditions caused by MRSA: l l l Infected cuts Boils Infected hair follicles Fluid filled blisters (impetigo) Skin sores that look like insect bites

MRSA l Can spread to surrounding tissue l Leads to abscesses or infections of the: l l Blood Bone Heart infections Treatment? l Some antibiotics are successful

Once MRSA is gone… l l Bacteria may still live in your nose Wash hands often Sneeze or cough into tissue If new infection occurs, cover & see MD

Prevention? l l Wash hands often!! If skin infection occurs, keep area clean & covered l l l Change bandage often – especially if wet Prevent wound drainage from coming in contact with anyone else Avoid public spas, saunas, pools, manicures, gyms, etc

**Bloodborne Pathogens l l **Pathogenic microorganisms that can potentially cause disease **Universal Precautions l l l **Assume all fluid is contaminated fluid Cover open skin wounds Remove bleeding athletes from play l l Possible uniform change **Protective equipment l **Gloves, gowns, masks, eye shield, CPR masks

**Hepatitis B l l **Major cause of viral infection affecting liver functions Dramatic increase in last 10 years Stronger, more durable than HIV Signs/Symptoms l l Flulike, **jaundice, not present Transmission l Direct & indirect (surfaces – 1 week) contact

Hepatitis B l Infectious Material l l Prevention l l Blood, saliva, semen, feces, food, water Good hygiene, avoid high risk behaviors, vaccine Recovery l Usually within 6 -8 weeks

**Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) l l l **Viral infection that attacks healthy cells Estimated 40 million by 2000 Signs/Symptoms l l Fever, night sweats, weight loss, diarrhea, severe fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, lesions, none (8 -10 years) Transmission l Direct & indirect contact

HIV l Infectious materials l l Management l l Blood, semen, vaginal fluid “cocktails” **Prevention l l **Education Little risk to athletes, but possible