Mrs Bradls FCAT Review Part One Adapted from

Mrs. Bradl’s FCAT Review Part One Adapted from the Continuous Improvement Standards Review 2011 -2012

SC. 5. N. 1. 1; N. 1. 2; N. 1. 4 Delilah followed these steps of an investigation: • Collect five objects made of different types of metal. • Place them on a large laboratory table. • Touch each metal object with a magnet and lift slowly. • Record observations. Which of the following statements is Delilah most likely testing? A. All types of metal are attracted to magnets. B. Each magnet can lift the metal object to the same height. C. Larger magnets can pick up heavier metal objects than smaller magnets can.

SC. 5. N. 1. 1; N. 1. 2; N. 1. 4 Sonya wanted to know if mowing affects the health of grass during a drought. To find out, she collected data on how often her neighbors mowed their grass. Based on the information she collected, what is the BEST next step? A. Report her findings to her neighbors. B. Develop a plan to save everyone's lawns. C. Stop her neighbors from mowing their lawns. D. Find out if other things might be affecting the grass.

SC. 5. N. 1. 1; N. 1. 2; N. 1. 4 Thomas and Julie wanted to find out which material would insulate their teacher's coffee cup and keep the coffee hot for the longest period of time. They first wrapped her cup with bubble wrap and recorded the temperature of the coffee once every 15 minutes for 2 hours. They repeated the investigation, this time using newspaper instead of bubble wrap, but they got the same results for both materials. What could they do to make sure their results are valid? A. B. C. D. room. Repeat their experiment. Use tea instead of coffee. Use a different thermometer. Conduct their investigation in a colder

SC. 5. N. 2. 1; N. 1. 25 N. 1. 6 For her science fair project, Marcy is investigating how levels of carbon dioxide affect plant growth. Which of the following is most important for Marcy to do? A. She needs to make sure her results match her predictions. B. She needs to make sure that her results contain both words and numbers. C. She needs to make sure that the explanation of her results is based on evidence. D. She needs to make sure her results get published so that everyone can read them.

SC. 5. N. 2. 1; N. 1. 25 N. 1. 6 Emily made the following observations. EMILY’S OBSERVATIONS 1 The petals of red roses are softer than the petals of yellow roses. 2 The song of a mockingbird is prettier than the song of a cardinal. 3 Orange blossoms give off a sweeter smell than gardenia flowers. 4 Sunflowers with larger petals attract more bees than sunflowers with smaller petals. Which of Emily’s observations is scientifically testable? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

SC. 5. N. 2. 1; N. 1. 25 N. 1. 6 Kyle completes his science project for his 5 th grade teacher by carrying out a scientific investigation. Which statement about Kyle's investigation is true? A. Kyle's investigation must include observation and evidence. B. Kyle must have an investigation with steps that follow a set pattern. C. Kyle's project is valid only if the teacher personally likes the results. D. Kyle must include all the steps of the scientific method for his results to be valid.

SC. 5. N. 2. 1; N. 1. 25 N. 1. 6 When conducting an investigation, a scientist's main goal should be which of the following? A. The scientist should include his opinions in the results. B. The scientist should aim to become famous for his work. C. The scientist should follow a very specific scientific method. D. The scientist should aim to answer questions about the natural world.

SC. 5. N. 2. 2; N. 1. 3 Jamal and Billy are testing paper airplanes to see which design makes a plane fly farther. Jamal's design has straight wings and Billy's has bent wings. They stood side by side and each threw their planes at the same time. They did this six times, measuring how far each plane went from the starting line in meters. They decided that Billy's design with bent wings travels farther. What should they do next to see if their results are valid? A. Have other friends try the same experiment. B. Have them throw planes in different locations. C. Have them throw with their eyes shut each time. D. Have Billy bend the wings up even more on his plane.

SC. 5. N. 2. 2; N. 1. 3 Many people take vitamin C when they feel they are catching a cold. In fact, some people seem to recover more quickly when they take C vitamins. What is the main problem with concluding vitamin C helps you fight off a cold based on this information? A. We cannot know exactly how vitamin C works. B. We cannot keep track of how much vitamin C people take. C. We cannot know how long the cold would have lasted without the vitamin C. D. We cannot know what other changes in diet people may have made while sick.

SC. 5. E. 5. 1 A star named Sirius appears as the brightest star in the nighttime sky, even though a star named Pollux actually gives off more light. Which of the following best explains why Sirius appears brighter than Pollux in our nighttime sky? A. Sirius has a different color than Pollux does. B. Sirius has different gases than Pollux does. C. Sirius is closer to Earth than Pollux is. D. Sirius is smaller than Pollux is.

SC. 5. E. 5. 1 Which of the following is true of the Sun? A. The Sun is the closest star to Earth. B. The Sun is the largest star in the Milky Way. C. The Sun is the largest planet in our Solar System. D. The Sun is an example of a galaxy that gives off light energy.

SC. 5. E. 5. 1 Which of the following consists of gas, dust, and many stars? A. the Earth's atmosphere B. a galaxy C. a solar system D. the Sun

SC. 5. E. 5. 1 Brandon has learned that many stars are actually larger than the Sun. If this is true, why do these stars appear like points of light in the sky? A. These stars are hotter than the Sun. B. These stars have less mass than the Sun. C. These stars are farther away from Earth than the Sun is. D. These stars are made of different chemicals than the Sun.

SC. 5. E. 5. 3; E. 5. 2 Jacob started creating a diagram to show some of the common characteristics of the planets in our solar system. Which characteristic should Jacob write in the empty circle of the diagram? A. made mostly of gas B. has a rocky surface C. revolves around a star D. is a satellite of another planet

SC. 5. E. 5. 3; E. 5. 2 Which answer describes how the inner planets are similar to each other? A. They are all the same size. B. They all have solid surfaces. C. They all have at least one moon. D. They all have a thick atmosphere.

SC. 5. E. 5. 3; E. 5. 2 Which of the inner planets listed below is closest to the Sun? A. Earth B. Mars C. Mercury D. Venus

SC. 5. E. 5. 3; E. 5. 2 Tom and his friends were talking about what it would be like if they could go live on Mars someday. Mandy said it would be much colder there than on Earth and it would hardly ever get above freezing even in summer. Jose said there would be time periods on Mars like there are on Earth. What else might they experience if they ever went to live on Mars? A. A year on Mars would last almost as long as two Earth years. B. Water would run in the canals on Mars on the warmest days. C. They would see four big moons and several smaller ones at night on Mars. D. They could breathe air since Mars and Earth have similar atmospheres.

SC. 5. E. 7. 1; E. 7. 2 A model of the water cycle was made using an aquarium with a glass cover, a container of ice cubes, water, and a lamp. Which part of the water cycle causes the water droplets to form on the glass cover? A. condensation B. evaporation C. precipitation D. runoff

SC. 5. E. 7. 1; E. 7. 2 If Walter puts a bucket of water out in the Sun on a hot, windy day, what will happen to the water level in the bucket? A. The water level will go down as the water evaporates from the bucket. B. The water level will rise as water condenses from the air above the bucket. C. The water level will stay the same since the water is protected from the wind. D. The water level will only go down if the wind makes water splash out of the bucket.

SC. 5. E. 7. 1; E. 7. 2 Bernie put some ice in a cup and poured some cold tea over the ice. He set the filled cup on the kitchen table. In a few minutes he noticed that there were drops of water all over the outside of the cup. Where did the drops of water most likely come from? A. They evaporated out of the air above the cold liquid. B. They condensed out of the air surrounding the cold cup. C. They dripped off the ice cubes as he put them into the cup. D. They came off his hands after holding the melting ice cubes.

SC. 5. E. 7. 1; E. 7. 2 Which of the following must happen to water in order for it to evaporate off the surface of lakes and oceans during the water cycle? A. The water must be in motion to start the process of evaporation. B. The Sun must warm the water enough so that some water molecules turn to gas. C. The movement of the wind must be strong enough to pull small water drops into the air. D. The water temperature must decrease enough to cause some water molecules to turn to gas.

SC. 5. E. 7. 3; E. 7. 4; E. 7. 5; E. 7. 6 Earth has many types of climate zones. The map below shows the tundra climate zones of the Northern Hemisphere. Which of the following best describes this type of climate zone? A. It is very hot because it is on the coastline. B. It is very wet because it is below sea level. C. It receives very little snowfall because it is close to the ocean. D. It has very cold temperatures because it is far from the equator.

SC. 5. E. 7. 3; E. 7. 4; E. 7. 5; E. 7. 6 Which answer correctly explains the difference between sleet and hail? A. Sleet is usually part of a thunderstorm, and hail comes from thin layers of rain clouds. B. Sleet is smaller than hail and usually falls in the winter, while hail usually falls in the summer. C. Sleet and hail are the same except that sleet usually falls in summer and hail usually falls in winter. D. Sleet is snow that forms as it falls through cold air, and hail is rain that freezes when it hits the ground.

SC. 5. E. 7. 3; E. 7. 4; E. 7. 5; E. 7. 6 As the weather gets colder, the air pressure usually goes up. Why does this happen? A. As the temperature drops, the air takes up more space and presses down harder on the ground. B. Colder weather makes the air denser, and the increased weight of the air means that there is more air pressure. C. Cold weather causes Earth to cool, and the heat that leaves Earth pushes against the air and increases pressure. D. When the weather is colder, the clouds weigh more as ice begins to form. The heavier clouds increase the air pressure.

SC. 5. E. 7. 3; E. 7. 4; E. 7. 5; E. 7. 6 Deserts in the temperate zones can be extremely hot in the afternoon and below freezing at night. Which answer best explains why this happens? A. Temperate deserts are found at high elevations, where the Sun and the wind are much stronger. This creates more extreme temperature changes. B. Temperate deserts lack trees and grass. With no trees, the Sun shines directly down and causes it to get hot in the day, and with no grass, the heat escapes at night. C. Temperate deserts have very little cloud cover and no humidity. This means that more energy from the Sun reaches the desert in the day, but that heat can escape quickly at night. D. Temperate deserts have higher rainfall than other kinds of deserts. Warm rain during the day produces warm breezes in the desert. Cooler rains at night draw warm air away from the desert.

SC. 5. P. 8. 1; P. 8. 3; P. 8. 2 Kyle and Jan are comparing two samples of matter. They make a table of the properties of each sample. Which property provides the best evidence that both samples are solids rather than liquids? A. color B. mass C. shape D. volume

SC. 5. P. 8. 1; P. 8. 3; P. 8. 2 Dani adds 10 grams (g) of salt to a jar of water. She then adds 10 g of sand to a second jar of water. She covers and shakes both jars and sets them on the table for five minutes. The materials Dani used are shown below. What should Dani expect to observe after those five minutes? A. Both the salt and sand dissolved in the water. B. Both the salt and the sand settled to the bottom of the jar. C. The salt settled to the bottom of the jar, and the sand dissolved in the water. D. The salt dissolved in the water, and the sand settled to the bottom of the jar.

SC. 5. P. 8. 1; P. 8. 3; P. 8. 2 The two objects shown are the same size. However, one object is made of wood, and the other object is made of plastic. Which of the following properties of the objects will be the same? A. mass B. texture C. volume D. weight

SC. 5. P. 9. 1; P. 10. 1 One morning, Ryan noticed there were tiny drops of water on the grass as he walked to school. That afternoon, he did not see any drops of water on the grass when he returned home. Which of the following best explains what happened to the drops of water? A. The heat from the air caused the water drops to boil. B. The air cooled the water and caused the drops to freeze. C. The Sun heated the water and caused the drops to evaporate. D. The energy from the Sun caused the water drops to condense.

SC. 5. P. 9. 1; P. 10. 1 On a sunny day, Elena is cutting branches from a tree in her yard. At midday, she takes a break, leaving a pile of branches and leaves on the ground. When she returns and gathers the branches, she notices the leaves are wilted and crisp. Which of the following correctly describes what happened to the leaves? A. The trees had not received water for a long time before being cut. B. The warm temperature caused moisture to evaporate from the leaves. C. The nutrients cannot reach the leaves if the tree's branches are not upright. D. The leaves had been covered in frost the week before, but had not wilted until now.

SC. 5. P. 9. 1; P. 10. 1 Imagine that you fill a bucket to the top with water and then place the bucket outside in freezing weather. Which of the following describes what will happen when the water in the bucket freezes? A. The level of the water and the bucket itself will not be changed by becoming frozen. B. The level of the water will be lower once it is frozen and the molecules are more compact. C. The sides of the bucket will be pushed out and the level of the water will be above the rim of the bucket. D. The level of the water will be uneven once it is frozen because some of the water will remain as a liquid in the bucket.

SC. 5. P. 9. 1; P. 10. 1 Jason stretches a rubber band between his fingers, as shown below. When he plucks the rubber band, it makes a sound. Which of the following best explains why the rubber band makes a sound when Jason plucks it? A. It heats the air. B. It vibrates the air. C. It absorbs energy from the air. D. It releases molecules into the air.

SC. 5. P. 10. 2 Frank uses a bowling ball to demonstrate how energy can cause changes. Which of the following actions would NOT demonstrate a change caused by applying energy to the ball? A. He holds the bowling ball in both hands. B. He spins the bowling ball with one hand. C. He rolls the bowling ball across the floor. D. He lifts the bowling ball to place it on a shelf.

SC. 5. P. 10. 2 While playing at the park, Erica and her sister take turns going down the slide and playing on the swings. Which of the following is an example of change that is caused by applying energy? A. Erica continues to swing back and forth without trying. B. When Erica pushes her sister, her sister slides down the slide. C. Erica sits at the top of the slide and waits for her sister to finish her turn. D. When Erica stops pushing her sister on the swings, the swing eventually comes to a stop.

SC. 5. P. 10. 2 Alex threw a stick in a river and watched as the river carried it away. He scooped a pail of water from the river and noticed that a leaf was floating in the pail without moving on the surface of the water. Why did the stick move in the river and the leaf stay still in the pail if it was all the same water? A. The river water cooled off and lost energy when Alex scooped it up into the pail. B. There is more water in the river than in the pail so the river could move the stick. C. The water in the river has enough energy to move the stick since it is flowing downhill. D. Wind could push the stick on the river but could not get to the leaf protected in the pail.

SC. 5. P. 10. 2 If Maria wants to have the best chance of blowing out all of the birthday candles on her birthday cake, she should bend down close to the candles, take a deep breath, make a small opening with her lips and then push her breath out. Why does doing it this way work the best? A. It keeps the air she breathed in cool enough to put out the candle flames. B. It makes the air come out with enough force to blow out the candle flames. C. The air forms a blanket over the candles and pushes the candle flames down. D. The air spins around when it comes out and hits all the candle flames this way.

SC. 5. P. 10. 4, P. 10. 3, P. 11. 1, P. 11. 2 Electric circuits must be properly connected or electricity will not flow. Which of the following shows a properly connected circuit that would allow electricity to flow and light the bulb? C.

MARCH 20 TH, 2012 SC. 5. P. 10. 4, P. 10. 3, P. 11. 1, P. 11. 2 Which of the following materials would be a poor conductor of electricity? A. aluminum B. copper C. rubber D. steel

SC. 5. P. 10. 4, P. 10. 3, P. 11. 1, P. 11. 2 Fireworks convert chemical energy into which of the following kinds of energy? A. solar energy and sound energy B. thermal energy and light energy C. electrical energy and light energy D. nuclear energy and kinetic energy

SC. 5. P. 10. 4, P. 10. 3, P. 11. 1, P. 11. 2 Megan wants to determine if an electrical circuit has electricity flowing through it. Which of the following evidence is proof that the circuit has an electrical current? A. The circuit is a closed loop. B. A light bulb is lit in the circuit. C. The circuit's switch is in the closed position. D. Wires in the circuit are made of conducting material.

SC. 5. P. 13. 1, P. 13. 2, P. 13. 3, P. 13. 4 Bar magnets have a north pole (N) and a south pole (S). Latrisha places a bar magnet on three small straws so that it can roll. Her setup is shown below. Placing which of the following objects at point X will cause the bar magnet to move away from point X? A. an iron nail B. an aluminum can C. the north end of another bar magnet D. the south end of another bar magnet

SC. 5. P. 13. 1, P. 13. 2, P. 13. 3, P. 13. 4 Stephanie started pushing a bookcase across the room, as shown in picture 1. Then, she removed the books and continued pushing with the same force and direction, as shown in picture 2. How does removing the books affect the motion of the bookcase? A. The mass is decreased, making the bookcase move faster. B. The gravity is increased, making the bookcase move slower. C. The friction is increased, making the bookcase move slower. D. The mechanical energy is decreased, making the bookcase move faster.

SC. 5. P. 13. 1, P. 13. 2, P. 13. 3, P. 13. 4 Brian and Emily are testing different paper airplane designs to see which will allow a plane to go the farthest. Emily folds her plane and attaches a paperclip to the front of it. After she throws the plane, it travels about fifty feet and then starts to fall to the ground. Why does the plane eventually fall to the ground? A. The force of air resistance stops acting on the plane. B. The plane was not designed to carry a load like the paperclip. C. The force of gravity is greater than the forces keeping the plane in the air. D. The paperclip creates a magnetic force that attracts the plane to the ground.

SC. 5. P. 13. 1, P. 13. 2, P. 13. 3, P. 13. 4 Philip is playing tug of war with Nancy. They both understand that to win the game of tug of war, one player must pull the flag over their opponent's line, but during this particular game, the flag tied to the center of the rope is not moving. What is happening to the rope in this example? A. Philip is applying more force in one direction. B. Nancy is applying more force in one direction. C. Philip and Nancy are applying equal forces in the same direction. D. Philip and Nancy are applying equal forces in opposite directions.

March 30 th, 2012 SC. 5. P. 13. 1 and SC. 5. P. 13. 2 Items from the second SC. 5. P. 10. 4 assessment from FOCUS on www. floridaachieves. com

SC. 5. L. 14. 1, L. 14. 2 Organs in the human body carry out different functions. Which human organ breaks down food into nutrients that can be used by the human body? A. bladder B. heart C. kidneys D. stomach

SC. 5. L. 14. 1, L. 14. 2, Many animals have a skeletal system that gives support to their bodies. Plants also have parts that provide support. Which part of a plant functions most like the skeletal system of animals? A. flower B. leaf C. root D. stem

SC. 5. L. 14. 1, L. 14. 2, Which answer best describes the purpose of the liver in the human body? A. The liver cleans the blood coming from the digestive organs. B. The liver removes excess fluids from the body. C. The liver stores large quantities of blood and oxygen. D. The liver mixes blood and oxygen.

SC. 5. L. 17. 1, L. 15. 1, Giant pandas live in the mountain forests of China and eat mostly bamboo. The giant panda has a sixth “finger, ” while other bears have only five. The sixth finger is a large wrist bone that giant pandas are able to bend and use as a thumb. The picture below shows the paw of a giant panda with six fingers and the paw of another bear with five fingers. Which of the following statements best explains why the sixth finger helps the giant panda survive in its environment? A. It helps the giant panda hold the bamboo stalks it feeds on. B. It helps the giant panda crush the bamboo stalks before it eats them. C. It allows the giant panda to dig in the mountain forests to hide its food. D. It allows the giant panda to climb to the tops of mountain forests to find food.

SC. 5. L. 17. 1, L. 15. 1, Two animals that live in Florida are the American bittern and the Key deer. The bittern is a bird that has a buff and brown colored back that allows it to blend in with the sawgrass of the lakes it lives near. When it feels threatened, the bittern freezes and points its head skyward to resemble a reed. The Key deer is brown in color, lives in the forest, and freezes when it feels threatened. How do these two animals use similar adaptations in order to survive in their very different environments? A. Both the bittern and the deer use their small size to hide from approaching predators. B. Both animals live in groups and huddle together with their family for protection from predators. C. Both animals use their coloring and lack of big movement to avoid being seen by predators. D. Both the bittern and the deer use the movement of the trees and bushes around them to distract predators so they can escape.

SC. 5. L. 17. 1, L. 15. 1, In the savannahs in Africa, elephants and giraffes both use acacia trees for food. What impact would removing these large animals from the savannah most likely have on the surroundings? A. The population of acacia trees would decrease. B. The trees would begin to take over and there would be less grass. C. The population of smaller animals would take over because there would be no predators. D. The large animals in other areas would migrate to the area and eat all of the trees on the savannah.