Mr Levines Big Daddy Review Part One The

Mr. Levine’s Big Daddy Review Part One The Seventh Grade

Question 1 • Which geographic feature contributed most to the development of commerce throughout North America? (1) Mountains (2) Grasslands (3) Natural harbors (4) Interior lakes

Answer The answer is C-natural harbors. Notice how the colonies are located by the Atlantic Ocean. Location by the Atlantic Ocean allowed for the colonies to trade with England France. Cities like New York, Boston, Philadelphia and Baltimore all became wealthy due to their location on the Atlantic Ocean. Their harbors allowed for their citizens to get things that they needed for survival.

Question 2 • Which heading best completes the partial outline below? I. ____________ (a) Villages with town meetings (b) Small farms and commercial fishing (c) First American college-Harvard University Choices are on the next slide…….

(1) New England Colonies (2) Spanish Colonies (3) Middle Colonies (4) Southern Colonies

Answer The answer is choice A.

• The main reason most of the early settlers came to the colonies of Maryland, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and Rhode Island was to: (1) Seek religious freedom (2) Purchase cheap inexpensive farmland (3) Profit from trade (4) Obtain better jobs

• Lumber, dried fish and rum were products of the: (1) New England colonies (2) Northwest Territory (3) Middle Atlantic colonies (4) Southern colonies

• The main reason for the variety of products in the different regions of the nation was the differences in: (1) Family structure and education (2) Geography and climate (3) Political and social systems (4) National origin and culture

• Why did colonial farmers settle near oceans or colonial waterways? (1) Fewer Native Americans lived there (2) Local governments paid farmers to do so (3) There were fewer problems with the land (4) Transportation of products were easier

• (1) (2) (3) (4) The need for agricultural workers in the early southern colonies led to the: Formation of labor unions Decision to industrialize Improvement of farming Use of enslaved persons from Africa

• (1) (2) (3) (4) What were the most profitable ways of making a living in New France? Fishing and fur trading Mining for gold and silver Commercial farming of tobacco Milling and manufacturing

• Which heading best completes the partial outline below? I. _________________ (a) Europeans establish colonies in North America (b) Millions of Native Americans die from diseases (c) Enslaved Africans arrive in the Americas (d) Foods from the Americas are introduced in Europe Choices are on the next slide….

(1) Causes of Colonization (2) Effects of Exploration by Europe (3) Cultural Contributions of Indians (4) Discovery of the Northwest Passage

• Jamestown founded in 1607 • Plymouth colony founded in 1620 • New Amsterdam founded in 1625 • These early colonial settlements were similar in that each was located: (1) At the base of a mountain range (2) Near the coastline (3) In an arid climate (4) On offshore islands

• What was the major reason the original settlers of Plymouth, Maryland Pennsylvania came to America? (1) To secure freedom from religious persecution (2) To look for gold and silver (3) To convert Indians to Christianity (4) To bring spices to the New World

Question 4 • According to theory of mercantilism, the principal purpose of the thirteen colonies was to provide Great Britain with: (1) Naval bases (2) Raw materials (3) Workers (4) Soldiers

Answer Under the economics of mercantilism, the English colonists were forced to trade EXCLUSIVELY with England. Under mercantilism, the United States could not produce their own goods, but buy goods from Great Britain. For England, the 13 Colonies, under the policy of mercantilism, were expected to provide the raw materials for the English factories. The answer to question 4 is (3) raw materials.

Question 3 • In the publication Common Sense, Thomas Paine argued that the American colonies should: (1) Approve the Treaty of Paris (2) Ratify the Constitution (3) End their political relationship with Great Britain (4) Support the policies of King George III.

Answer Written in 1775, Thomas Paine’s pamphlet, Common Sense wanted colonists to end their Political relationship with Great Britain. The answer is choice (3)

Same Question • In the pamphlet Common Sense, Thomas Paine urged the American colonists to: (1) Oppose French colonization of North America (2) Compromise with the British (3) Reaffirm their loyalty to King George III (4) Declare their independence from Britain

Answer The answer to this question is choice (4) declare their independence from Britain.

Same Question • Thomas Paine’s publication Common Sense was most influential in persuading American colonists to support: (1) The Whiskey Rebellion (2) Colonial independence (3) Continued ties with England (4) Additional British taxes

Answer The answer to the question is choice (2) colonial independence.

Same Question • In its economic relations with its North American colonies, Great Britain followed the principles of 18 th century mercantilism to: (1) Outlaw the African slave trade (2) Limiting the colonists trade with other nations of Europe (3) Encouraging the development of manufacturing in the colonies (4) Establishing laws against business monopolies

Answer The answer is choice (2) Limiting the Colonists trade with other nations of Europe. Under the policy of mercantilism, the English forced the 13 Colonies to exclusively trade with England. This led to bad feelings between the 13 Colonies and England would be a factor in starting the Revolution.

Same Question • During the colonial period, the British Parliament used the policy of mercantilism to: (1) Force colonists to worship in the Church of England (2) Limit manufacturing in America (3) Prevent criticism of royal policies (4) Deny representation to the colonists

Question 5 • The colonists slogan, “No taxation without representations” expresses a belief in: (1) The consent for the governed (2) The supremacy of Parliament (3) Economic interdependence (4) Free trade

Answer The colonists did not like to be taxed ESPECIALLY when they were NOT REPRESENTED in English government. When they were taxed unfairly, this shows the English government not respecting choice (1) consent for the governed. Quite simply, the English cared little about the colonists in North America,

Question 6 • Which document included John Locke’s idea that people have the right to overthrow an oppressive government? (1) Bill of Rights (2) Mayflower Compact (3) Northwest Ordinance (4) Declaration of Independence

Answer Thomas Jefferson read a lot of the works by John Locke when he was a student in Virginia. Many of the ideas of John Locke were written in Jefferson’s greatest piece of American history…. .

The answer to this question is choice (4) the Declaration of Independence.

Same Question • According to the Declaration of Independence, the fundamental purpose of government is to: (1) Protect the natural rights of the people (2) Equalize opportunities for all citizens (3) Provide for the defense of the nation (4) Establish a system of free public education

Answer • The answer is (1) Protect the natural rights of the people. John Locke used this to protect the English people from the English government. • Jefferson, in the Declaration of Independence, stated that the government has to protect the right of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness (the natural rights of people)

Same Question • In the Declaration of Independence, the argument for freedom from British rule is used primarily on the: (1) Theory of divine right expressed by King James I (2) Economic principles of Adam Smith (3) Social contract form of government by John Locke (4) Belief in a strong central government as illustrated by Alexander Hamilton

Answer - The answer is choice (3) Social Contract form of government by John Locke. -To the left is the document written John Locke called Two Treatises Of Government, or basically, a Social contract of government. -Jefferson believed in the statements of Locke, so much that this document to the right, is a major social contract.

Same Question • One of the principles of the Declaration of Independence is that government should: (1) Guarantee economic equality among citizens (2) Have unlimited power to rule the people (3) Be based on the consent of the governed (4) Be led by educated citizens

Answer The answer to the last question is (3) Be based on the consent of the governed. Jefferson believed that people should have the right to get rid of the government if they did not do as they say. Today, we have this process called elections. However, sometimes the American people have made mistakes

Like these choices…. . No matter your party, Americans are known for making some mistakes, but we’ve survived for 232 years.

• Many colonies objected to the Albany Plan of Union mainly because: (1) The colonies had just been given representation in Parliament (2) The plan of government gave too much power to Native American Indians (3) Threats to colonial safety ended (4) Colonial assemblies did not wish to give up their individual power

• The Mayflower Compact and the Virginia House of Burgesses are examples of: (1) Equal opportunities for women during the colonial period (2) Steps toward representative government (3) Economic agreements between for colonists and Native Americans (4) Limitations placed on colonial Americans by the British government

• During the early to mid 1700 s, the British policy of salutary neglect towards the colonies contributed to: (1) A decline in colonial manufacturing (2) The decline of slavery (3) A decrease in French and Spanish influence (4) The development of independent colonial trade policies

• Which statement is most accurate about the movement for independence in the 13 Colonies? (1) The independence movement began soon after the founding of Plymouth (2) Protests against British policies gradually led to trade demands for independence (3) The King of England required the colonies to become economically self-sufficient (4) The movement for independence was strong in all 13 colonies

• Because of fertile land a long growing season, plantations in the 13 colonies developed in: (1) New England (2) Middle Atlantic (3) The South (4) The upper Mississippi River Valley

• A major argument for American independence found in the Declaration of Independence was that the British: (1) Stopped participating in the slave trade (2) Refused to sell products to Americas (3) Deprived Americans of natural rights (4) Censored American representatives in Parliament

• The principles of government that Thomas Jefferson included in the Declaration of Independence were most influenced by: (1) John Locke (2) Adam Smith (3) Louis XIV (4) William Penn

• In writing the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson was most influenced by John Locke’s idea of: (1) The right to privacy (2) Natural rights (3) Due process of law (4) The rights of the accused

• I. ____________ (a) Committees of correspondence (b) Nonimportation Agreements (c) Boston Tea Party (d) First Continental Congress Choices are on the next slide…. .

(1) Protests against slavery in the colonies (2) British Parliament’s Actions to Colonial Americans (3) Colonial Responses to British Mercantilism Policies (4) Colonial Attempts to End the British Policy of Salutary Neglect

• The Mayflower Compact and the House of Burgesses were important to the development of democracy in colonial America because they: (1) Expanded freedom of religion (2) Promoted self-government (3) Protected private ownership of property (4) Granted voting rights to all white males

• The Virginia House of Burgesses was important to the development of democracy in the 13 colonies because it: (1) Provided an example of a representative form of government (2) Created the first written constitution in the colonies (3) Provided for the election of senators (4) Began the practice of legislative override of executive vetoes

• “It is not the cause of one poor printer nor of New York alone, which you are now trying. It may in its consequences affect every free man that lives under a British government on the main (continent) of America. It is the best cause. It is the cause of liberty…Nature and the laws of our country have given us a right to liberty of both exposing and opposing arbitrary power in these parts of the world at least by speaking and writing the truth. ” -Andrew Hamilton (1735) Choices are on the next slide……

(1) Trial by jury (2) Equal voting rights (3) Protection of private property (4) Freedom of the press

• The pamphlet Common Sense by Thomas Paine aided the American cause in the Revolutionary War because of: (1) Convinced the French to join in the fight against England (2) Led to the repeal of the Stamp Act (3) Created a system of government for the United States (4) Persuaded individuals who were undecided to support independence

• The Mayflower Compact is considered an important step in the development of democracy in America because it: (1) Expressed the importance of self-governed (2) Established freedom of religion (3) Created the first colonial judiciary (4) Granted all men the right to vote

• During the Revolutionary War period, Thomas Paine’s Common Sense was important because it: (1) Described a military plan for the defeat of England (2) Convinced many Americans who had been undecided to support independence (3) Contained a detailed outline for a new form of government (4) Argued for the addition of a bill of rights to the Constitution

• The British system of mercantilism was opposed by many colonists because it: (1) Placed quotas on immigration (2) Discouraged the support of raw materials to England (3) Placed restrictions on trading (4) Encouraged colonial manufacturing

• The Mayflower Compact, House of Burgesses and the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut are all important examples of the efforts of colonial Americans to: (1) Use democratic practices in government (2) Protest British land policies (3) Establish religious freedom (4) Overthrow British royal governors

• The Mayflower Compact is important to the concept of a democratic society because it represents: (1) An effort by the colonists to use force to resist the King (2) A clear step toward self-government (3) An early attempt to create universal suffrage (4) An attempt to create freedom of religion

• The Declaration of Independence was based on the ideas of the: (1) Enlightenment (2) Romantic Era (3) Renaissance (4) Age of Exploration

• According to the Declaration of Independence, governments are established to: (1) Protect the nation from invasion (2) Provide a system of checks and balances (3) Protect the natural rights of citizens (4) Guarantee the right to vote

• The Declaration of Independence contributed to the development of democracy by: (1) Guaranteeing trial by jury to all men (2) Allowing women to take part in the government (3) Indicating that people are the source of power (4) Providing a presidential election every four years

• “That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, denying their just powers from the consent of the governed. ” • This statement from the Declaration of Independence indicates that government has a responsibility to: (1) Promote economic development (2) Control the lives of citizens (3) Respond to the will of the people (4) Provide for the defense of the nation

• Which aspect of the American political system was most influenced by the ideas of John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu? (1) Creation of the electoral college (2) Limitations on the power of government (3) Government regulation of the economy (4) Executive control over foreign policy

• Which principle of government is proposed in the Declaration of Independence? (1) Political power originates with a strong central government (2) The primary purpose of the government is to protect natural rights (3) A system of checks and balances is the most effective way to prevent governmental abuse of power (4) Individual liberties must be guaranteed by a strong bill of rights

• The Declaration of Independence contributed to the political development of the United States by: (1) Condemning the practice of slavery (2) Presenting a clear theory of the social contract of government (3) Providing the nation with a strong bill of rights (4) Demonstrating a need for a strong chief executive

• Under mercantilism, the 13 American colonies were expected to provide Great Britain with: (1) Finished American manufactured goods (2) Raw materials and markets for British products (3) Officials to represent colonial interests in Parliament (4) Laborers to work in English factories

• In US history, the phrase “a government of laws not of men” has been used to express the idea that: (1) Sexism should be legally ended (2) All laws should apply equally to all persons (3) Government should interfere as little as possible in people’s lives (4) Newly elected government leaders should not be allowed to initiate changes in the law

• John Locke’s theory of the social contract developed in the United States Declaration of Independence stated that: (1) The people should revolt against a government that did not protect their rights (2) Monarchs could rule autocratically, but they had to grant rights to their subjects (3) Legislatures should have more power than kings (4) Governments should grant equal economic conditions to all people

• The major reason the British government issued the Proclamation of 1763, which banned colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains was to: (1) Avoid conflicts with Native American Indians (2) Reduce casualties during the French and Indian War (3) Maintain markets for British manufactured goods (4) Promote easy collection of new taxes

• Who wrote most of the Declaration of Independence? (1) John Adams (2) Thomas Jefferson (3) Benjamin Franklin (4) Patrick Henry

• Where was the first battle of the American Revolution fought? (1) Valley Forge (2) Lexington (3) Saratoga (4) Yorktown

• In the American colonies, boycotts were an effective way of protesting British policies mainly because the boycotts: (1) Ended trade within the colonies (2) Forced the British to remove troops (3) Kept out products from other nations (4) Caused economic hardships for British merchants

• The creation of the Virginia House of Burgess was an important step in the development of democracy because it: (1) Adopted a bill of rights for women (2) Allowed citizens to vote on proposed laws (3) Provided the first written constitution (4) Established a representative form of government

• Which group controlled the colony that was surrendered to England in 1664 by Governor Peter Stuyvesant? (1) French (2) Dutch (3) Spanish (4) Swedish

• Which statement represents one of the main ideas of the Declaration of Independence? (1) The United States needs a strong central government (2) The power of the president must be limited by the legislative and judicial branches (3) People have the right to rebel against an unjust government (4) Americans cannot pay high British taxes

• During the Revolutionary War, the most common way American women helped the Patriot cause was by: (1) Acting as spies (2) Serving in the military (3) Managing farms (4) Taking their children to Canada

• What was a result of the French and Indian War that led directly to the American Revolution? (1) The British lost most of their colonies (2) French colonies expanded west of the Appalachians (3) Native Americans were given land west of the Appalachians (4) The British government forced the colonies to help pay for the war

• The belief that colonies existed to benefit the economy of the mother country is known as: (1) Nativism (2) Free trade (3) Triangular trade (4) Mercantilism

• Which of the following is a primary source of the American Revolution? (1) A videotape showing a reenactment of a battle (2) A journal of events written by a Continental Army soldier (3) A social studies textbook (4) A published article by a history teacher

• (1) (2) (3) (4) Colonial boycotts of British goods before the Revolutionary War were effective measures because they: Reduced the profits of British merchants Lowered the prices of imports Left British troops short of supplies in the colonies Allowed the US to start their own factories

• (1) (2) (3) (4) What was the primary purpose of the Declaration of Independence? To persuade England to end slavery To list reasons why the colonies should be free from England To provide a plan for fighting the Revolution To convince the king to grant more land for colonists

• (1) (2) (3) (4) The main purpose of the Navigation Acts passed by England was to: Limit the size of English ships Ensure that England benefited from colonial trade Train sailors for the British navy Limit manufacturing in colonial America

• (1) (2) (3) (4) The NY State constitution, adopted in 1777, was important because it: Inspired the writing of the Declaration of Independence Maintained British influence in state government Served as a model for the United States Constitution Gave all adult males the right to vote

• Which set of events is in the correct order? (1) Boston Tea Party---Declaration of Independence— French and Indian War (2) French and Indian War—Boston Tea Party— Declaration of Independence (3) Declaration of Independence—French and Indian War—Boston Tea Party (4) French and Indian War—Declaration of Independence—Boston Tea Party

• (1) (2) (3) (4) Which statement expresses an opinion about the causes of the Revolution? Colonists participated in triangular trade Boston Massacre took place on March 5, 1770 Samuel Adams formed the Sons of Liberty The Quartering Act was a serious violation of the colonists liberties

• (1) (2) (3) (4) The Albany Plan of Union called for: Equal voting rights A declaration of war against England A council for defense Separation from England

• (1) (2) (3) (4) Many American colonists believed that the British tax laws were unfair because: Colonists lacked representation in Parliament The British treasury had a surplus of funds Indians were exempt from paying taxes Taxes were higher in the colonies than in England

The End • Part Two…The US Constitution is coming soon to a blackboard near you.