Movement of People and Vehicles Hazards and Control

Movement of People and Vehicles – Hazards and Control By Johnston AIIRSM Health and Safety for Beginners www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Hazards n 1. 2. 3. The hazards faced by people while moving around the workplace can be divided into three main groups: Slips, trips and falls – same level, changing levels, from height (including holes). Collisions – moving vehicles, falling object or striking a fixed object. Environmental damage – noise, heat or harmful substances in the air. www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Risk Assessment for Pedestrians n n Identification of the hazards faced by pedestrians needs to take into account the following factors: The natural patterns of movement, including the public, inside the workplace and around it. Other patterns of movement, whether authorised or not, and which can be reasonably predicted – such as shortcuts. Needs of visually or hearing impaired, people in wheelchairs, pregnant women, elderly and children. www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Risk Assessment for Pedestrians n n n Persons not normally on the premises – i. e. temp’s, contractors and visitors. The impact of different weather conditions. The input of maintenance strategies and processes, i. e. repairing floor surfaces, changing light bulbs. Accident and incident reports. The effectiveness, in practice, of existing measures and systems of work. www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Use of Signs n n n Signs must conform to the Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996 in respect of: Prohibitions – i. e. no pedestrian access, no naked lights. Warnings – i. e. falling objects, wet floor. Mandatory actions – i. e. PPE. Safe conditions – i. e. emergency exits. www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Vehicle Operations n 1. 2. 3. The hazards involved in vehicle operations in the workplace may be divided into three groups: Loss of control – the vehicle is not under full control of the driver. Overturning – tipping over of the vehicle, front, back or side. Collisions – other vehicles, pedestrians or fixed objects. www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Overturning n n n n n Lateral instability – onto its side. Longitudinal instability – onto its front or back. These risks are increased by: Speed of travel. Steepness of the slope. Centre of gravity. Height the load is raised to and the stability of the load. Increased tyre pressure. Any external pressure i. e. wind or colliding objects. Presence and size of, any bumps or holes in the surface. www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Control Strategies for Safe Vehicle Operations n n n n Risk Assessment: Patterns and volume of traffic, including access to and egress from it to the public roads. The types of vehicles on the premises. The types of operations and types of loads being moved. The need to segregate vehicles and pedestrians. The impact of different weather conditions. The local environment – conditions of the roads, lighting and site lines. www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Traffic Routes n n n n All routes used by vehicles should be: Clearly marked. Segregated from pedestrians. Of adequate space for all forms of vehicle movement. Wide enough and high enough for the longest vehicle used. Volume of traffic needs to be considered. I. e. two-lane routes, passing places, lane separation. Adequate spaces for vehicles entering or exiting the site. www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Management of Vehicle Movements As far as possible, reversing should be eliminated, i. e. (oneway), turning areas or traffic lights. n Speed limits should be set and enforced – speed reducing measures and signs. n Parking for all vehicles. n www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Loading and Unloading n n n n Loading procedures should ensure that: Adequate space to all parts of the vehicle, also above. The time unloaded materials are left lying should be minimised. Vehicles not loaded beyond capacity or legal limits of gross weight. Vehicle floor checked for soundness. Loads evenly distributed and secured. Tail and side boards are closed. Overhangs kept to a minimum and clearly marked. www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Precautions Unloading Loads stability checked before ropes or tarpaulins removed. n Loads should remain as stable and evenly distributed as possible while unloading. n www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Site Rules When a vehicle is not in use, the keys should be kept in a secure place. End of shift – engine off, brakes applied. Battery operated vehicles should have batteries disconnected. n Vehicles should be parked in a safe place and not obstructing emergency exits, other routes, fire equipment or electricity panels. n www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Site Rules Not left on a gradient. If it had to be left or parked in an emergency, should be left in neutral, parking break applied and wheels chocked to prevent unexpected movement. n Horns should be used at every potential danger point, i. e. doorways and blind corners. n www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Fork-Lift Trucks n n n Special rules fork-lift trucks include: Lower forks when parked. Avoid violent breaking. Forks should be lowered to within 150 mm of the ground and the mast tilted back when driving. When high loads restrict vision, truck should be driven in reverse, except up a gradient. Up or down a gradient, forks should face uphill when loaded. When unloaded an travelling down gradients, forks should be downhill. www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Official Training Bodies The Health and Safety Commission (HSC) recognises three bodies of training certificate: n Agricultural Training Board (ATB) n Construction Industry Training Board (CITB) n Road Transport Industry Training Board - (RTITB) n www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk

Movement of People and Vehicles – Hazards and Control By Johnston AIIRSM Health and Safety for Beginners www. healthandsafetytips. co. uk