Motores AC Motor Motors vs Engines Motors convert
![Motores AC Motores AC](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-1.jpg)
![Motor Motor](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-2.jpg)
![Motors vs Engines Motors - convert electrical energy to mechanical energy. Engines - convert Motors vs Engines Motors - convert electrical energy to mechanical energy. Engines - convert](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-3.jpg)
![Motors Advantages Disadvantages – Low Initial Cost - $/Hp – Simple & Efficient Operation Motors Advantages Disadvantages – Low Initial Cost - $/Hp – Simple & Efficient Operation](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-4.jpg)
![Magnetic Induction Simple Electromagnet • Like Poles Repel • Opposite Poles Attract Magnetic Induction Simple Electromagnet • Like Poles Repel • Opposite Poles Attract](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-5.jpg)
![Operating Principle Operating Principle](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-6.jpg)
![Motor Parts • Enclosure • Stator • Rotor • Bearings • Conduit Box • Motor Parts • Enclosure • Stator • Rotor • Bearings • Conduit Box •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-7.jpg)
![Enclosure • Holds parts together • Helps with heat dissipation • In some cases, Enclosure • Holds parts together • Helps with heat dissipation • In some cases,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-8.jpg)
![Stator (Windings) • “Stationary” part of the motor sometimes referred to as “the windings”. Stator (Windings) • “Stationary” part of the motor sometimes referred to as “the windings”.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-9.jpg)
![Rotor • “Rotating” part of the motor. • Magnetic field from the stator induces Rotor • “Rotating” part of the motor. • Magnetic field from the stator induces](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-10.jpg)
![Wound Rotor Motors Older motor designed to operate at “variable speed” Advantages Disadvantages Speed Wound Rotor Motors Older motor designed to operate at “variable speed” Advantages Disadvantages Speed](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-11.jpg)
![Bearings • Sleeve Bearings – Standard on most motors – Quiet – Horizontal shafts Bearings • Sleeve Bearings – Standard on most motors – Quiet – Horizontal shafts](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-12.jpg)
![Other Parts Conduit Box Eye Bolt Point of connection of electrical power to the Other Parts Conduit Box Eye Bolt Point of connection of electrical power to the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-13.jpg)
![Motor Speed • Synchronous Speed – Speed the motor’s magnetic field rotates. – Theoretical Motor Speed • Synchronous Speed – Speed the motor’s magnetic field rotates. – Theoretical](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-14.jpg)
![Synchronous Speed • Theoretical Speed • A well built motor may approach synchronous speed Synchronous Speed • Theoretical Speed • A well built motor may approach synchronous speed](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-15.jpg)
![Rated Speed the motor runs at when fully loaded and supplied rated nameplate voltage. Rated Speed the motor runs at when fully loaded and supplied rated nameplate voltage.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-16.jpg)
![Motor Slip • Percent difference between a motor’s synchronous speed and rated speed. • Motor Slip • Percent difference between a motor’s synchronous speed and rated speed. •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-17.jpg)
![Torque • Measure of force producing a rotation – Turning Effort – Measured in Torque • Measure of force producing a rotation – Turning Effort – Measured in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-18.jpg)
![Torque-Speed Curve • Amount of Torque produced by motors varies with Speed. • Torque Torque-Speed Curve • Amount of Torque produced by motors varies with Speed. • Torque](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-19.jpg)
![Motor Power • Output Power – Horsepower – Amount of power motor can produce Motor Power • Output Power – Horsepower – Amount of power motor can produce](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-20.jpg)
![Calculating Horsepower • Need Speed and Torque • Speed is easy – Tachometer • Calculating Horsepower • Need Speed and Torque • Speed is easy – Tachometer •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-21.jpg)
![Watt’s Law • Input Power • Single Phase – Watts = Volts X Amps Watt’s Law • Input Power • Single Phase – Watts = Volts X Amps](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-22.jpg)
![Example • Is a 1 Hp 1 -phase motor driving a fan overloaded? – Example • Is a 1 Hp 1 -phase motor driving a fan overloaded? –](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-23.jpg)
![Electrical = Input • We measured Input • Motors are rated as Output • Electrical = Input • We measured Input • Motors are rated as Output •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-24.jpg)
![Example #2 • Is this 10 Hp, 3 -phase motor overloaded? – Voltages = Example #2 • Is this 10 Hp, 3 -phase motor overloaded? – Voltages =](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-25.jpg)
![Example #2 We measured Input • Motor is rated as Output • Difference? – Example #2 We measured Input • Motor is rated as Output • Difference? –](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-26.jpg)
![Motor Types CLASSIFICATION OF MOTORS Motor Types CLASSIFICATION OF MOTORS](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-27.jpg)
![Synchronous vs Induction Motors Synchronous Motors Induction Motors – Turn at exactly the same Synchronous vs Induction Motors Synchronous Motors Induction Motors – Turn at exactly the same](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-28.jpg)
![NEMA 3 Phase Motors • 3 Phase Induction Motors • NEMA Torque. Speed Design NEMA 3 Phase Motors • 3 Phase Induction Motors • NEMA Torque. Speed Design](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-29.jpg)
![Design Type A • The “old” Standard • Higher starting torque than “B”. • Design Type A • The “old” Standard • Higher starting torque than “B”. •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-30.jpg)
![Design Type B • Today’s “Standard” 3 - Phase Motor • Good Starting Torque Design Type B • Today’s “Standard” 3 - Phase Motor • Good Starting Torque](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-31.jpg)
![Design Type C • Common OEM equipment on reciprocating pumps, compressors and other “hard Design Type C • Common OEM equipment on reciprocating pumps, compressors and other “hard](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-32.jpg)
![Design Type D • Common on applications with significant loading changes as a machine Design Type D • Common on applications with significant loading changes as a machine](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-33.jpg)
![Design Type E • Newest NEMA Category • Newer ultra-high efficiency motors – Higher Design Type E • Newest NEMA Category • Newer ultra-high efficiency motors – Higher](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-34.jpg)
![Single Phase Induction Motors • Are not “self starting” – Require a starting mechanism. Single Phase Induction Motors • Are not “self starting” – Require a starting mechanism.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-35.jpg)
![Split Phase Motor • Common small single phase motor – Good Starting Torque – Split Phase Motor • Common small single phase motor – Good Starting Torque –](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-36.jpg)
![Split Phase Motor • Starting winding in parallel with Running winding • Switch operates Split Phase Motor • Starting winding in parallel with Running winding • Switch operates](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-37.jpg)
![Capacitor Run Motor (Permanent Split Capacitor or PSC) • Primarily a fan and blower Capacitor Run Motor (Permanent Split Capacitor or PSC) • Primarily a fan and blower](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-38.jpg)
![Permanent Split Capacitor (PSC) • Capacitor in “Capacitor Winding” – Provides a “phase shift” Permanent Split Capacitor (PSC) • Capacitor in “Capacitor Winding” – Provides a “phase shift”](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-39.jpg)
![Capacitor Start Motor • Larger single phase motors up to about 10 Hp. • Capacitor Start Motor • Larger single phase motors up to about 10 Hp. •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-40.jpg)
![Capacitor Start Motor • Very high starting torque. • Very high starting current. • Capacitor Start Motor • Very high starting torque. • Very high starting current. •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-41.jpg)
![Capacitor Start-Capacitor Run • Both starting and running characteristics are optimized. – High starting Capacitor Start-Capacitor Run • Both starting and running characteristics are optimized. – High starting](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-42.jpg)
![Capacitor Start-Run Motor • Larger single phase motors up to 10 Hp. • Good Capacitor Start-Run Motor • Larger single phase motors up to 10 Hp. • Good](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-43.jpg)
![Synchronous Motor • Special design for “constant speed” at rated horsepower and below. • Synchronous Motor • Special design for “constant speed” at rated horsepower and below. •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-44.jpg)
![Universal Motor • Runs on AC or DC • Commutator and brushes • Generally Universal Motor • Runs on AC or DC • Commutator and brushes • Generally](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-45.jpg)
![Universal Motor • Very high starting torque. • Higher torque on DC than AC Universal Motor • Very high starting torque. • Higher torque on DC than AC](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-46.jpg)
- Slides: 46
![Motores AC Motores AC](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-1.jpg)
Motores AC
![Motor Motor](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-2.jpg)
Motor
![Motors vs Engines Motors convert electrical energy to mechanical energy Engines convert Motors vs Engines Motors - convert electrical energy to mechanical energy. Engines - convert](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-3.jpg)
Motors vs Engines Motors - convert electrical energy to mechanical energy. Engines - convert chemical energy to mechanical energy.
![Motors Advantages Disadvantages Low Initial Cost Hp Simple Efficient Operation Motors Advantages Disadvantages – Low Initial Cost - $/Hp – Simple & Efficient Operation](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-4.jpg)
Motors Advantages Disadvantages – Low Initial Cost - $/Hp – Simple & Efficient Operation – Compact Size – cubic inches/Hp – Long Life – 30, 000 to 50, 000 hours – Low Noise – No Exhaust Emissions – Withstand high temporary overloads – Automatic/Remote Start & Control – Portability – Speed Control – No Demand Charge
![Magnetic Induction Simple Electromagnet Like Poles Repel Opposite Poles Attract Magnetic Induction Simple Electromagnet • Like Poles Repel • Opposite Poles Attract](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-5.jpg)
Magnetic Induction Simple Electromagnet • Like Poles Repel • Opposite Poles Attract
![Operating Principle Operating Principle](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-6.jpg)
Operating Principle
![Motor Parts Enclosure Stator Rotor Bearings Conduit Box Motor Parts • Enclosure • Stator • Rotor • Bearings • Conduit Box •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-7.jpg)
Motor Parts • Enclosure • Stator • Rotor • Bearings • Conduit Box • Eye Bolt
![Enclosure Holds parts together Helps with heat dissipation In some cases Enclosure • Holds parts together • Helps with heat dissipation • In some cases,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-8.jpg)
Enclosure • Holds parts together • Helps with heat dissipation • In some cases, protects internal components from the environment.
![Stator Windings Stationary part of the motor sometimes referred to as the windings Stator (Windings) • “Stationary” part of the motor sometimes referred to as “the windings”.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-9.jpg)
Stator (Windings) • “Stationary” part of the motor sometimes referred to as “the windings”. • Slotted cores made of thin sections of soft iron are wound with insulated copper wire to form one or more pairs of magnetic poles.
![Rotor Rotating part of the motor Magnetic field from the stator induces Rotor • “Rotating” part of the motor. • Magnetic field from the stator induces](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-10.jpg)
Rotor • “Rotating” part of the motor. • Magnetic field from the stator induces an opposing magnetic field onto the rotor causing the rotor to “push” away from the stator field.
![Wound Rotor Motors Older motor designed to operate at variable speed Advantages Disadvantages Speed Wound Rotor Motors Older motor designed to operate at “variable speed” Advantages Disadvantages Speed](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-11.jpg)
Wound Rotor Motors Older motor designed to operate at “variable speed” Advantages Disadvantages Speed Control, Expensive High Starting Torque High Maintenance Low Starting Current Low Efficiency
![Bearings Sleeve Bearings Standard on most motors Quiet Horizontal shafts Bearings • Sleeve Bearings – Standard on most motors – Quiet – Horizontal shafts](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-12.jpg)
Bearings • Sleeve Bearings – Standard on most motors – Quiet – Horizontal shafts only – Oil lubricated • Ball (Roller) Bearings – Support shaft in any position – Grease lubricated – Many come sealed requiring no maintenance
![Other Parts Conduit Box Eye Bolt Point of connection of electrical power to the Other Parts Conduit Box Eye Bolt Point of connection of electrical power to the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-13.jpg)
Other Parts Conduit Box Eye Bolt Point of connection of electrical power to the motor’s stator windings. Used to lift heavy motors with a hoist or crane to prevent motor damage.
![Motor Speed Synchronous Speed Speed the motors magnetic field rotates Theoretical Motor Speed • Synchronous Speed – Speed the motor’s magnetic field rotates. – Theoretical](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-14.jpg)
Motor Speed • Synchronous Speed – Speed the motor’s magnetic field rotates. – Theoretical speed with not torque or friction. • Rated Speed – Speed the motor operates when fully loaded. – Actual speed at full load when supplied rated voltage.
![Synchronous Speed Theoretical Speed A well built motor may approach synchronous speed Synchronous Speed • Theoretical Speed • A well built motor may approach synchronous speed](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-15.jpg)
Synchronous Speed • Theoretical Speed • A well built motor may approach synchronous speed when it has no load. • Factors – Electrical Frequency (cycles/second) – # of poles in motor
![Rated Speed the motor runs at when fully loaded and supplied rated nameplate voltage Rated Speed the motor runs at when fully loaded and supplied rated nameplate voltage.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-16.jpg)
Rated Speed the motor runs at when fully loaded and supplied rated nameplate voltage.
![Motor Slip Percent difference between a motors synchronous speed and rated speed Motor Slip • Percent difference between a motor’s synchronous speed and rated speed. •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-17.jpg)
Motor Slip • Percent difference between a motor’s synchronous speed and rated speed. • The rotor in an induction motor lags slightly behind the synchronous speed of the changing polarity of the magnetic field. – Low Slip Motors • “Stiff”…. High Efficiency motors – High Slip Motors • Used for applications where load varies ignificantly…oil pump jacks.
![Torque Measure of force producing a rotation Turning Effort Measured in Torque • Measure of force producing a rotation – Turning Effort – Measured in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-18.jpg)
Torque • Measure of force producing a rotation – Turning Effort – Measured in pound-feet (footpounds)
![TorqueSpeed Curve Amount of Torque produced by motors varies with Speed Torque Torque-Speed Curve • Amount of Torque produced by motors varies with Speed. • Torque](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-19.jpg)
Torque-Speed Curve • Amount of Torque produced by motors varies with Speed. • Torque Speed Curves – Starting Torque – Pull Up Torque – Breakdown Torque
![Motor Power Output Power Horsepower Amount of power motor can produce Motor Power • Output Power – Horsepower – Amount of power motor can produce](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-20.jpg)
Motor Power • Output Power – Horsepower – Amount of power motor can produce at shaft and not reduce life of motor. • Input Power – Kilowatts – Amount of power the motor consumes to produce the output power.
![Calculating Horsepower Need Speed and Torque Speed is easy Tachometer Calculating Horsepower • Need Speed and Torque • Speed is easy – Tachometer •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-21.jpg)
Calculating Horsepower • Need Speed and Torque • Speed is easy – Tachometer • Torque is difficult – Dynamometer – Prony Brake
![Watts Law Input Power Single Phase Watts Volts X Amps Watt’s Law • Input Power • Single Phase – Watts = Volts X Amps](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-22.jpg)
Watt’s Law • Input Power • Single Phase – Watts = Volts X Amps X p. f. • Three Phase – Watts = Avg Volts X Avg Amps X p. f. X 1. 74
![Example Is a 1 Hp 1 phase motor driving a fan overloaded Example • Is a 1 Hp 1 -phase motor driving a fan overloaded? –](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-23.jpg)
Example • Is a 1 Hp 1 -phase motor driving a fan overloaded? – Voltage = 123 volts – Current = 9 amps – p. f. = 78% • Watts = Volts X Amps X p. f. Watts = 123 volts X 9 amps X 0. 78 = 863. 5 Watts 864 Watts / 746 Watts/Hp = 1. 16 Hp • Is the motor overloaded?
![Electrical Input We measured Input Motors are rated as Output Electrical = Input • We measured Input • Motors are rated as Output •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-24.jpg)
Electrical = Input • We measured Input • Motors are rated as Output • Difference? – Efficiency • If the motor is 75% efficient, is it overloaded? • Eff = Output / Input • Output = Eff X Input 0. 75 X 1. 16 Hp = 0. 87 Hp • The motor is NOT overloaded
![Example 2 Is this 10 Hp 3 phase motor overloaded Voltages Example #2 • Is this 10 Hp, 3 -phase motor overloaded? – Voltages =](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-25.jpg)
Example #2 • Is this 10 Hp, 3 -phase motor overloaded? – Voltages = 455, 458, and 461 volts – Currents = 14. 1, 14. 0 and 13. 9 amps – P. f. = 82% • Watts = Voltsavg X Ampsavg X p. f. X 1. 74 Watts = 458 v X 14 a X 0. 82 X 1. 74 = 9148. 6 Watts / 746 Watts/Hp = 12. 26 Hp • Is the motor overloaded?
![Example 2 We measured Input Motor is rated as Output Difference Example #2 We measured Input • Motor is rated as Output • Difference? –](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-26.jpg)
Example #2 We measured Input • Motor is rated as Output • Difference? – Efficiency • If the motor is 90% efficient, is it overloaded? • Eff = Output / Input • Output = Eff X Input 0. 90 X 12. 26 Hp = 11. 0 Hp • The motor IS overloaded! • How bad is the overload?
![Motor Types CLASSIFICATION OF MOTORS Motor Types CLASSIFICATION OF MOTORS](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-27.jpg)
Motor Types CLASSIFICATION OF MOTORS
![Synchronous vs Induction Motors Synchronous Motors Induction Motors Turn at exactly the same Synchronous vs Induction Motors Synchronous Motors Induction Motors – Turn at exactly the same](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-28.jpg)
Synchronous vs Induction Motors Synchronous Motors Induction Motors – Turn at exactly the same speed as the rotating magnetic field. – 3600 rpm, 1800 rpm, etc. – Turn at less than synchronous speed under load. – 3450 rpm, 1740 rpm, etc.
![NEMA 3 Phase Motors 3 Phase Induction Motors NEMA Torque Speed Design NEMA 3 Phase Motors • 3 Phase Induction Motors • NEMA Torque. Speed Design](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-29.jpg)
NEMA 3 Phase Motors • 3 Phase Induction Motors • NEMA Torque. Speed Design Types – A, B, C, D, E
![Design Type A The old Standard Higher starting torque than B Design Type A • The “old” Standard • Higher starting torque than “B”. •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-30.jpg)
Design Type A • The “old” Standard • Higher starting torque than “B”. • Higher in-rush current (5 -8 times full load amps) • Good breakdown torque
![Design Type B Todays Standard 3 Phase Motor Good Starting Torque Design Type B • Today’s “Standard” 3 - Phase Motor • Good Starting Torque](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-31.jpg)
Design Type B • Today’s “Standard” 3 - Phase Motor • Good Starting Torque – In-rush amps 4 -6 times full load amps – Good breakdowntorque – Medium Slip
![Design Type C Common OEM equipment on reciprocating pumps compressors and other hard Design Type C • Common OEM equipment on reciprocating pumps, compressors and other “hard](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-32.jpg)
Design Type C • Common OEM equipment on reciprocating pumps, compressors and other “hard starting” loads. • High starting torque • Moderate starting current (5 -8 times FLA) • Moderate breakdown torque
![Design Type D Common on applications with significant loading changes as a machine Design Type D • Common on applications with significant loading changes as a machine](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-33.jpg)
Design Type D • Common on applications with significant loading changes as a machine operates. • Impact Loads – Punch Presses, Metal Shears, etc. – Pump Jacks
![Design Type E Newest NEMA Category Newer ultrahigh efficiency motors Higher Design Type E • Newest NEMA Category • Newer ultra-high efficiency motors – Higher](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-34.jpg)
Design Type E • Newest NEMA Category • Newer ultra-high efficiency motors – Higher Starting Torque – Higher Starting Current (8 -12 times Running) – Ultra Low Slip (Higher Rated Speed)
![Single Phase Induction Motors Are not self starting Require a starting mechanism Single Phase Induction Motors • Are not “self starting” – Require a starting mechanism.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-35.jpg)
Single Phase Induction Motors • Are not “self starting” – Require a starting mechanism. • The name generally describes its “starting mechanism”. – Split Phase – Capacitor Run – Capacitor Start-Capacitor Run – Shaded Pole – Synchronous – Universal
![Split Phase Motor Common small single phase motor Good Starting Torque Split Phase Motor • Common small single phase motor – Good Starting Torque –](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-36.jpg)
Split Phase Motor • Common small single phase motor – Good Starting Torque – Moderate Efficiency – Moderate Cost • Small conveyors, augers, pumps, and some compressors • 1/20 th to ¾ Hp, available to 1. 5 Hp
![Split Phase Motor Starting winding in parallel with Running winding Switch operates Split Phase Motor • Starting winding in parallel with Running winding • Switch operates](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-37.jpg)
Split Phase Motor • Starting winding in parallel with Running winding • Switch operates at 70 -80% of full speed. • Centrifugal Switch – Sticks Open – Sticks Shut
![Capacitor Run Motor Permanent Split Capacitor or PSC Primarily a fan and blower Capacitor Run Motor (Permanent Split Capacitor or PSC) • Primarily a fan and blower](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-38.jpg)
Capacitor Run Motor (Permanent Split Capacitor or PSC) • Primarily a fan and blower motor. • Poor starting torque • Very low cost motor.
![Permanent Split Capacitor PSC Capacitor in Capacitor Winding Provides a phase shift Permanent Split Capacitor (PSC) • Capacitor in “Capacitor Winding” – Provides a “phase shift”](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-39.jpg)
Permanent Split Capacitor (PSC) • Capacitor in “Capacitor Winding” – Provides a “phase shift” for starting. – Optimizes running characteristics. • No centrifugal switch
![Capacitor Start Motor Larger single phase motors up to about 10 Hp Capacitor Start Motor • Larger single phase motors up to about 10 Hp. •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-40.jpg)
Capacitor Start Motor • Larger single phase motors up to about 10 Hp. • A split phase motor with the addition of a capacitor in the starting winding. • Capacitor sized for high starting torque.
![Capacitor Start Motor Very high starting torque Very high starting current Capacitor Start Motor • Very high starting torque. • Very high starting current. •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-41.jpg)
Capacitor Start Motor • Very high starting torque. • Very high starting current. • Common on compressors and other hard starting equipment.
![Capacitor StartCapacitor Run Both starting and running characteristics are optimized High starting Capacitor Start-Capacitor Run • Both starting and running characteristics are optimized. – High starting](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-42.jpg)
Capacitor Start-Capacitor Run • Both starting and running characteristics are optimized. – High starting torque – Low starting current – Highest cost • For hard starting loads like compressors and pumps. • Up to 10 Hp or higher is some situations.
![Capacitor StartRun Motor Larger single phase motors up to 10 Hp Good Capacitor Start-Run Motor • Larger single phase motors up to 10 Hp. • Good](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-43.jpg)
Capacitor Start-Run Motor • Larger single phase motors up to 10 Hp. • Good starting torque (less than cap start) with lower starting current. • Higher cost than cap start.
![Synchronous Motor Special design for constant speed at rated horsepower and below Synchronous Motor • Special design for “constant speed” at rated horsepower and below. •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-44.jpg)
Synchronous Motor • Special design for “constant speed” at rated horsepower and below. • Used where maintaining speed is critical when the load changes.
![Universal Motor Runs on AC or DC Commutator and brushes Generally Universal Motor • Runs on AC or DC • Commutator and brushes • Generally](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-45.jpg)
Universal Motor • Runs on AC or DC • Commutator and brushes • Generally found in portable power tools. • Lower Hp sizes
![Universal Motor Very high starting torque Higher torque on DC than AC Universal Motor • Very high starting torque. • Higher torque on DC than AC](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/9b4eee15a5ab4b01041c5056ef7aa8d3/image-46.jpg)
Universal Motor • Very high starting torque. • Higher torque on DC than AC (battery operated tools) • The higher the rpm, the lower the torque.
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