Motivation Theory Last lesson we looked at l

Motivation Theory

Last lesson we looked at…. l Tall and flat organisational charts, linking with span of control and chain of command. l Delayering l Centralised and the benefits of delayering and Decentralised Organisations

Today's Lesson…. l Understand what is meant by the term ‘motivation’ and the reasons for motivation l Gain an understanding of the motivation theorist Maslow and the Hierarchy of Needs

WHAT IS MOTIVATION? Motivation describes the factors within individuals that arouse, maintain and channel behaviour towards a goal. More simply, it is the will to work.

Why do people work? List as many reasons as you can as to why people work Make new friends Sense of achievement Job security To satisfy ambition Gives employees a sense of identity People work to satisfy their needs and wants This idea was developed by Maslow!

ABRAHAM MASLOW AND THE HIERARCHY OF NEEDS ABRAHAM MASLOW (1908 – 1970) Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs he r. L ev Hig He, therefore, created a hierarchy in which people work upwards el N ee ds Maslow believed that the reason why people go to work changes

1. Physiological (physical) Needs… l Basic needs that include food, water, clothing and shelter. l Employees need money in order to feed, water and clothe themselves plus provide shelter l Maslow found that money is not enough to motivate workers on its own. l Once workers earn enough money to meet their physiological needs they strive for more

2. Safety, Security & Order… l Workers need to feel that they are safe and secure in their job. They want to work in a safe environment. l This can be met through pension schemes, good health and safety regulations. l Threat of redundancies means that this need will not be fulfilled.

3. Social Needs (love and belonging)… l Workers strive for a sense of belonging and being accepted by a group. They want to be trusted and able to support others. l Businesses can achieve this through clubs, family outings and social events. l This can also be achieved through team building activities.

4. Esteem and Status… l Businesses need to allow their employees to feel respected and have a sense of status. l Businesses can recognise workers achievements and give them a chance of promotion.

5. Self-Actualisation… l This is the satisfaction gained by workers challenging themselves to achieve more. l Workers could achieve this through trying something new and ‘scary’. l Self-actualisation comes from inside and outside of the workplace.

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS Maslow’s Level Of Human Need How can a business meet each level? 1. Physical Needs Pay Working Conditions (a canteen, toilets) 2. Safety Needs Job Security (a contract or a pension) A safe working environment 3. Social Needs Teamworking, communications, social facilities/functions 4. Esteem Needs Status, recognition, promotion, power, trust 5. Selfactualisation Responsibility for own role. Make own decisions. Training. Scope to develop new skills. New challenges.

Why would businesses want to motivate its employees? l Employees are likely to be more committed to the business, less staff leaving l Decrease in absenteeism (people having days off) l Higher productivity (more is made) of which is of better quality l Employees are often more flexible as they are prepared to take on various tasks.