Morphology Word Formation Processes Dr Mervat Elgindy Borrowing
Morphology Word Formation Processes Dr. Mervat Elgindy
• Borrowing That is taking over of words from other languages. Ex. Alcohol (Arabic), Croissant (French) , Piano (Italian) , Yogurt (Turkish). Dr. Mervat Elgindy
• Coinage is the word formation process in which a new word is created either deliberately or accidentally. Ex. Aspirin Kleenex Xerox Kodak Dr. Mervat Elgindy
• Compounding The joining of two separate words to produce a single form. Ex. Bookcase, fingerprint, sunburn, Wallpaper Dr. Mervat Elgindy
• Blending The fusion of two words into one, usually the first part of one word with the last part of another. Ex. brunch: from breakfast and lunch smog: from smoke and fog Dr. Mervat Elgindy
• Backformation Omitting an affix, usually a suffix, to make a new word. Ex. housekeeper-housekeep writer-write singer-sing Dr. Mervat Elgindy
• Clipping When a word of more than one syllable is reduced to a shorter form. Ex. Gasoline => Gas Advertisement => Ad Chemistry => Chem Examination => Exam Gymnastics => Gym Dr. Mervat Elgindy
• Conversion A change in the function of a word, as , for example, when a noun comes to be used as verb ( without any reduction ). Ex. Butter (n) => Have you buttered (v) the toast ? Paper (n) => He is papering (v) the bedroom walls. Dr. Mervat Elgindy
• Acronyms are formed from the initial letters of a set of other words. Ex. Compact Dick : CD Personal Identification Number : PIN Video Cassette Recorder : VCR Automatic Teller Machine : ATM Radio Detecting and Ranging: RADAR Dr. Mervat Elgindy
Reference: Yule, G. (2006). The study of Language. Cambridge University Press. Dr. Mervat Elgindy
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