MORPHOLOGY COMPUND WORD and PHRASAL WORD Arranged by

MORPHOLOGY COMPUND WORD and PHRASAL WORD Arranged by : 1. Fajar Nurliana Fuad (113 -13 -008) 2. Aning Sulistyaningsih (113 -13 -081) 3. Aji Santoso (113 -13 -116)

The Definition of Compound Word • Compund Words is the combination of two or more word into one unit that make a new meaning. • Example : WORDS PART 1 PART 2 MEANINGS Campfire Camp Fire Api unggun Greenhouse Green House Bangunan dari kaca untuk tumbuh-tumbuhan Catwalk Cat Walk Jalan sempit

The Form of Compound Words • Compund word are sometimes written as one word, such as: – Basketball Basket – Ashtray Tempat abu – Cowboy Gembala sapi • As separated words, such as : • Green Eyed Cemburu • Hot dog Roti isi sosis • Prayer mat Sajadah

• Sometimes hypenated, like: – Cat-sleep Tiduran – Bus-stop halte – Pre-war Sebelum perang

Compound words vs Phrase • To distinguish whether a pair of such roots constitutes a compound word or a phrase, let’s see the word a green house and a greenhouse. • Consider the expressions a green house, with its literal meaning, and • a greenhouse, meaning a glass structure (not usually green in color!)

• Some criterian to distinguish between compound word and phrase are : 1. stressing word Phrase in English have a characteristic to be stressed on the last word. ex : They live in a white house, not a yellow one! Compouns stressed on the first element like greenhouse. However this stress pattern applies consistently only to compound nouns, not to compounds in other wordclasses.

• Apart from stress, a second criterion traditionally used for distinguishing compounds from phrases is semantic. a compound tends to have a meaning that is more or less idiosyncratic or unpredictable and does not correlate exactly with being a word. • semantic idiosyncrasy as an indicator of compound status will not often be misleading.

• To increas your comprehend about that let’s see the following example : (1) black board blackboard ‘board that is black’ ‘board for writing on’ (2) silk worm silkworm ‘worm made of silk ‘caterpillar that spins silk’ (e. g. a soft toy)’ (3) hair net hairnet ‘net made of hair’ ‘net for covering hair’ (4) white house (the) White House ‘house that is white’ ‘residence of the US President’ (5) toy factory ‘factory that is a toy ‘factory where toys are made’ (e. g. in a model city)’

Type of compound words 1. Compound verbs formed by compounding are much less usual than verbs. Nevertheless, a variety of types exist which may be distinguished according to their structure: – verb–verb (VV): stir-fry, freeze-dry – noun–verb (NV): hand-wash, air-condition, steamclean – adjective–verb (AV): dry-clean, whitewash – preposition–verb (PV): underestimate, outrun, overcook

2. Compound adjectives the strucures include : – noun–adjective (NA): sky-high(setinggi langit), coalblack(hitam pekat), life-size(patung yang seukuran manusia) – adjective–adjective (AA): grey-green, squeaky-clean, redhot – preposition–adjective (PA): underfull, overactive 3. Compound nouns – verb–noun (VN): swearword, drophammer, playtime – noun–noun (NN): hairnet, mosquito net, butterfly net, hair restorer – adjective–noun (AN): blackboard, greenstone, faintheart – preposition–noun (PN): in-group, outpost, overcoat

Headed and headless compounds • . • • Headless compounds are compound words where the meaning is not specified by any of part. • Examples: • a faintheart is not a kind of heart but a kind • of person – someone who has a faint heart