Moral and ethical issues of using technology in

Moral and ethical issues of using technology in corrections Steven Van De Steene Belgium Dr Victoria Knight De Montfort University UK

New Literature… • Architectural ethics (Jewkens)

What TO DO • Explore the ethical problems raised, • Evaluate the types of moral issues that arise • To develop moral/ethical principles … framework Purpose: guide architectural decisions

1) Intro Outline Ø Use of technology is increasing* Ø New developments (Big data & privacy; AI & Robotics) • Knight & Van De Steene, 2017: Digital transformation for prisons: Developing a needs-based strategy, Probation Journal, Volume: 64 issue: 3, page(s): 256 -268 • Elison-Davies e. a; 2018: The Role of technology in Offender Rehabilitation, AC #5 p 107 -119

Themes • • • Inevitability Trust & Responsibility Considering role of humans Machine ethics Power and exploitation Privacy

PRISON OF THE FUTURE

PRISON OF THE FUTURE

The Future is here already. . . • • • Video analysis Video conferencing Tracking bracelet Kiosks & Smart Devices Body worn cameras Sensors- body temp Alcohol consumption- body sensors Radars Drones Machines Gamification

The Judgement of Thamus • Neil Postman begins his book Technopoly: The surrender of culture to technology with the Judgment of Thamus in order to elucidate “several sound principles” (p. 4) to guide his thinking on the critique of the technology of writing and its current transformations as modern science and technology, and its condemnation by Thamus .

The inevitability of using technology

Trust

Responsibility in a digital world

MACHINE ETHICS

Humans vs. Machines

PRIVACY • ‘What precautions should be taken to ensure that the privacy and dignity of these users are respected? ’ (Jones 1991) • Distinguishing what is private and what is public? • Tavani privacy, security, IP, censorship and digital social justice

How do these issues translate to the prison? Does existing computer ethics apply to the prison?

Prison Power • Compliance • Coercion • Cost • Especially relevant to the prison • Can machines help edit out evil?

Could this approach work? • View that developers and services are facilitators to providing services and solutions 1. Identify purpose and need 2. Inform users of their legal and moral rights 3. Be clear about incentives 4. Be clear about goals and timeframes 5. Develop and co-produce solutions together 6. Understand rationale and origins 7. Understand who the user is 8. Understand identify beneficiaries 9. Develop an action plan Inspired by Payne & Bryant (2018)

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION Purposeful – needs-based Proportionality Goal-oriented And it should be Good

Thank you • Dr Victoria Knight vknight@dmu. ac. uk @vicknight 18 • Steven Van De Steene Steven@smartcorrections. com @vdststev • • • Knight, V. & Van De Steene, S. (2017) Digitizing the Prison: The Light and Dark Future Prison Service Journal May 2017 No 231 Knight, V. & Van De Steene (2017) The Capacity and Capability of Digital Innovation in Prisons: Smart Prisons Advancing Corrections Journal Edition 3 https: //icpa. ca/advancing-corrections-journal/ Van De Steene, S. and Knight, V. , 2017. Digital transformation for prisons: Developing a needs-based strategy. Probation Journal, 64(3), pp. 256 -268.