MOMENTUM DEFINITIONS Linear momentum p is defined as

MOMENTUM

DEFINITIONS • Linear momentum (p) is defined as the product of mass (m) and velocity (v): p=mxv • SI-unit of momentum is 1 kg∙m∙s-1, alternative unit 1 N∙s can also be used • The change of linear momentum is called the impulse: Δp = F x Δt

LAWS OF MOMENTUM • Newton’s second law states, that the resultant force is proportional to the rate of change of momentum: F=(final momentum – initial momentum)/time taken F = Δp/Δt

CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM • The law of conservation of linear momentum states that the total linear momentum of a system of interacting particles (bodies) remains constant provided there is no resultant external force

COLLISIONS • Collision in witch no mechanical energy is lost called elastic collision • If large amount of energy is lost (as heat or/and sound), but the total momentum is still conserved, the collision called totally inelastic collision. • Inelastic collision, in contrast to an elastic collision, is a collision in which kinetic energy is not conserved.

ELASTIC COLLISION (m. A=m. B) v m. A m. B v=0 v m. A m. B

TOTALLY INELASTIC COLLISION (m. A=m. B) v m. A m. B v/2 m. A m. B

INELASTIC COLLISION v 01 m. A m. B p 01 + p 02 = p 1 + p 2 v 1 m. A v 2 m. B AND K 01 + K 02 = K 1 + K 2 K=1/2 mv 2 (KINETIC ENERGY)

FORCE ON GRAPH Force/ N F Δp = F x Δt time/ s t 1 t 2

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