Molecules Lesson 8 DNA RNA Basics Understandings and
Molecules: Lesson 8 DNA & RNA Basics
Understandings and applications • The nucleic acids DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides. • DNA differs from RNA in the number of strands present, the base composition and the type of pentose. • Drawing simple diagrams of the structure of single nucleotides of DNA and RNA, using circles, pentagons and rectangles to represent phosphates, pentoses and bases. 2
Molecules: DNA & RNA Basics Objectives • Describe the differences between DNA and RNA • Draw a simple diagram of DNA and RNA Warm Up • List all 6 proteins we learned and state their functions in 5 words or less. 3
QUIZ! 4
Nucleotides = Monomers of DNA and RNA • The nucleic acids DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides. • DNA differs from RNA in the number of strands present, the base composition and the type of pentose. • Drawing simple diagrams of the structure of single nucleotides of DNA and RNA, using circles, pentagons and rectangles to represent phosphates, pentoses and bases. 5
Nucleotides = Monomers of DNA and RNA • Monomers of DNA and RNA (nucleic acids) • Polymers of nucleotides • DNA vs. RNA – What’s the difference? 6
Nucleotides = Monomers of DNA and RNA 7
Nucleotide = Monomers of DNA and RNA phosphate sugar base 8
Nucleotides have 3 parts -Phosphate group -Acidic -Negatively charged -5 carbon sugar -PENTose 9
Nucleotides have 3 parts -Phosphate group -Acidic -Negatively charged -5 carbon -Base -Contains nitrogen sugar -PENTose -1 or 2 rings of atom 10
Polymer of nucleotides Covalently bonded to form a polymer 11
Nucleotides Covalently Bonded to form Polymer Strong Phosphate Backbone 12
DNA and RNA – What’s the difference? DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID 13
DNA and RNA – What’s the difference? DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID 14
DNA and RNA – What’s the difference? DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID 15
DNA and RNA – What’s the difference? DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID 16
DNA and RNA – What’s the difference? DNABases Adenine RNABases Guanine Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine Cytosine Uracil 17
DNA and RNA – What’s the difference? DNA Doublestranded RNA Singlestranded 18
DNA and RNA – What’s the difference? DNA Double-stranded Adenine – Thymine 2 Hydrogen bonds Cytosine – Guanine 3 Hydrogen bonds 19
DNA and RNA – What’s the difference? RNASingle-stranded 20
DNA & RNA Structure Drawing Activity 21
DNA & RNA Structure Drawing Activity 22
Problem of the day 23
Wrap-Up • What are the parts of a nucleotide? • What are the monomers of DNA and RNA • List the differences between DNA and RNA 24
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