Molecular Genetics Jeopardy Vocab DNA structure Replication Transcription

Molecular Genetics Jeopardy Vocab DNA structure/ Replication Transcription Translation Mutations $100 $100 $200 $200 $300 $300 $400 $400 $500 $500 Final Jeopardy

1 - $100 n What happens in transcription and translation? Transcription: m. RNA molecule made from DNA n Translation: amino acid sequence made from m. RNA n

1 - $200 n What enzyme adds nucleotides to a growing piece of DNA during DNA replication? n DNA polymerase

1 - $300 n What are three types of RNA n m. RNA, t. RNA, r. RNA

1 - $400 n What are introns and exons? n During m. RNA processing, introns are cut out and exons stay in

1 - $500 n What is this called (circled) and what are each of the parts called n Nucleotide-made up of sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous base

2 - $100 n What are the bases that make up DNA? Which pair with which? n Adenine-thymine, cytosine-guanine

2 - $200 n What protein unwinds DNA during replication? n helicase

2 - $300 n If one strand of DNA reads: 3’ ATGCGTA 5’ what will the other strand read? n 5’ TACGCAT 3’

2 - $400 n Why is DNA replication called semi-conservative?

2 - $500 n Label the parts of DNA replication. A n n n A-helicase B-leading strand C-lagging strand D-DNA polymerase E-5’ F-3’ B C D

3 - $100 n What is the product of transcription? n m. RNA molecule

3 - $200 n If the DNA sequence of a gene begins with ATGCTG, what will the m. RNA read after transcription? n UACGAC

3 - $300 n Where does transcription occur and why? n In the nucleus because DNA is in the nucleus

3 - $400 n n What are three differences between DNA and RNA? DNA is double stranded, has deoxyribose sugar, has T instead of U

3 - $500 n What happens during m. RNA processing? ? n Introns spliced out, 5’ cap and poly A tail

4 - $100 n Where does translation occur? n ribosome

4 - $200 n What is this molecule called? n t. RNA

4 - $300 n What are codons and anticodons? Codons=3 base pairs of m. RNA that code for an amino acid n anticodon-=complementary sequence on t. RNA molecule n

4 - $400 n If an m. RNA sequence reads AUGGAU, what will the anti codons of the t. RNA molecules that bind to the m. RNA be? n UAC, CUA

4 - $500 n If an m. RNA sequence reads AUG CCA GUG, what will the sequence of amino acids be after translation? n Met, pro, val

5 - $100 What type of mutation is this? n Normal: ACGAGG n Mutated: CGAGG n n Deletion, frameshift

5 - $200 What type of mutation is this? n Normal: AGTGTA n Mutated: AGTGATA n n Insertion, frameshift

5 - $300 n Why is the difference between a frameshift and a substitution mutation? n A frameshift changes all amino acids after the mutation

5 - $400 n What is it called if a mutation leads to a codon changing to a stop codon? n nonsense

5 - $500 n What is the difference between missense, nonsense and silent mutations? Missense-changes one amino acid n Nonsense-changes to a stop codon n Silent-doesn’t change amino acid n

Final Jeopardy n Given the following template strand DNA sequence, what will the m. RNA produced from transcription be? What will the amino acid sequence after translation be? n TACGGAACGCTG