Mole Calculations 1 Chemical Calculations Atoms and molecules

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Mole Calculations 1

Mole Calculations 1

Chemical Calculations Atoms and molecules are extremely small. If they are so small and

Chemical Calculations Atoms and molecules are extremely small. If they are so small and so light, how can we weigh them? We weigh large numbers of them.

Avogadro took 1. 00 g of the smallest atom (H) and determined how many

Avogadro took 1. 00 g of the smallest atom (H) and determined how many H atoms there are in 1. 00 g of H. He found that: 1. 00 g H = 6. 02 x 1023 atoms = 1. 00 mole This is called Avogadro’s number

1 dozen donuts = 12 donuts 1 century 1 millennium 1. 00 mole =

1 dozen donuts = 12 donuts 1 century 1 millennium 1. 00 mole = 100 years = 1000 years = 6. 02 x 1023 particles

The mole is a large number of particles Particle Atom element Cu 6. 02

The mole is a large number of particles Particle Atom element Cu 6. 02 x 1023 at 1 mole Molecule covalent CH 4 6. 02 x 1023 molecules 1 mole Formula Unit ionic Na. Cl 6. 02 x 1023 FUs 1 mole

1. Convert 2. 5 x 1025 at C to moles 2. 5 x 1025

1. Convert 2. 5 x 1025 at C to moles 2. 5 x 1025 at x 1 mole 6. 02 x 1023 at = 42 moles C

2. Convert 16. 3 moles CO 2 to molecules 16. 3 moles x 6.

2. Convert 16. 3 moles CO 2 to molecules 16. 3 moles x 6. 02 x 1023 molecules 1 mole = 9. 81 x 1024 molecules

3. Convert 8. 9 x 1024 molecules CO 2 to moles 8. 9 x

3. Convert 8. 9 x 1024 molecules CO 2 to moles 8. 9 x 1024 molecules x 1 mole = 6. 02 x 1023 molecules 15 moles CO 2

4. Convert 28 moles Na. Cl to Formula Units 28 moles x 6. 02

4. Convert 28 moles Na. Cl to Formula Units 28 moles x 6. 02 x 1023 FU 1 mole = 1. 7 x 1025 FUs

Determining Avogadro’s Number

Determining Avogadro’s Number

Electrolysis Apparatus Ampmeter Power Supply Stop Watch

Electrolysis Apparatus Ampmeter Power Supply Stop Watch

Determining Avogadro’s Number Produce a volume of hydrogen gas while measuring the time and

Determining Avogadro’s Number Produce a volume of hydrogen gas while measuring the time and electrical current. Volume of H 2 Time Current 10. 0 m. L 80. 7 s 0. 913 amp

Background information 1 amp is defined as the number of coulombs per second. There

Background information 1 amp is defined as the number of coulombs per second. There are 6. 24 x 1018 electrons in a coulomb. The density of H 2 is 0. 07871 g/L. It takes 1 electron to make 1 H atom

1. Calculate the number of atoms of H, starting with the time. 80. 7

1. Calculate the number of atoms of H, starting with the time. 80. 7 s x 0. 913 coul x 6. 24 x 1018 el s 1 coul x 1 at H 1 el = 4. 5976 x 1020 at

2. Calculate the number of grams H starting with the volume of H. 10.

2. Calculate the number of grams H starting with the volume of H. 10. 0 m. L x 1 L 1000 m. L x 0. 07871 g 1 L = 7. 871 x 10 -4 g H

3. Divide the atoms of H by the grams of H to get the

3. Divide the atoms of H by the grams of H to get the number of H atoms in a gram which is Avogadro’s number. 4. 5976 x 1020 at 7. 871 x 10 -4 g H = 5. 84 x 1023 at/ 1 gram H = 5. 84 x 1023 at/ 1 mole The Mole Song Avogadro Facts

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