Module What does it mean to be multicultural

Module – What does it mean to be multicultural? An exploration

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Multicultural Index Lesson 1 – Speaking the same language. □ Defining race, culture, and ethnicity □ References

Race as a Biological Construct □ Physical Differences □ □ □ Genetic Differences [click] □ Intelligence, personality □ Athletic ability □ Disease Skin color Hair texture Nose width Lip width [click]

Which race is this? □ Skull length (long - short) □ Orbital openings (narrow wide) □ Nasal openings (angular – rounded - rectangular) □ Face breadth (narrow - wide)

(Jones, 2002) “RACE IS LIKE AN AVOCADO WHICH CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS A VEGETABLE OR A FRUIT DEPENDING ON WHO IS DOING THE CLASSIFYING. ”

Debunking Race as Biology Physical Differences □ Geographical [click] Genetic Differences □ 99. 9% similar DNA [click] □ Melatonin □ Vitamin D Therefore there is no biological basis for racial classification. [click]

Race as Social Construct White □ Implications for race (Smedley and Smedley, 2005) □ Physical characteristics make groups distinct □ Skin color, nose width, hair texture, lip thickness [click] □ All races are unequal, creates a hierarchy [click] □ Each race has distinctive cultural bx, etc. [click] □ Physical and bx are innate and inherited [click] Black □ Physical and bx are unalterable, justifying segregation [click] □ Laws reflect these beliefs [click]

Why a racial hierarchy? Dominant Majority [click] Power [click] Privilege Minority Subordinate Wealth

DEFINING CULTURE

Characteristics of Culture □ Most common responses [click] Race Nationality Ethnicity

Social Cultural Groups □ □ □ Sexual Orientation Gender Abilities Class Age

Kroeber and Kluckhorn (1952) □ Descriptive (bx) □ Historical (traditions) □ Normative (rules of group) □ Psychological (e. g. , learning) □ Structural (organizational) □ Genetic (origins)

Defining Culture Narrow Definition □ Excludes other marginalized groups from recognition □ □ Ability Sexual orientation Gender Age Broad Definition □ waters down meaning or relevance □ Obscures sub-categories □ Asians – very diverse Simultaneous Group Membership [click]

What is ethnicity? Race + Culture

Questions

References Hockenbury, D. & Hockenbury, S. (2006). Psychology (4 th ed. ). New York, NY: Worth. Jones, M. (2002). The Psychology of Prejudice. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Miller, J. B. (2007). Domination and Subordination. In Paula Rothenberg (Ed. ), Race, Class, and Gender in the U. S. (7 th ed. , pp. 108 -115). New York, NY: Worth. Mio, J. S. , Barker, L. , & Tumambing, J. (2009). Multicultural Psychology: Understanding Our Diverse Communities (2 nd ed. ). New York, NY: Mc. Graw-Hill. Smedley, A. & Smedley, B. (2005, January). Race as Biology is Fiction, Racism as a Social Problem is Real. Retrieved on August 28, 2009 from http: //www. apa. org/journals/releases/amp 60116. pdf.