Module 5 Implications of the Holistic Understanding a

Module 5: Implications of the Holistic Understanding – a Look at Professional Ethics Lecture 27: Holistic Technologies, Production Systems and Management Models - Typical Case Studies

RECAP • In this course, so far, we have tried to understand the methodology to develop Ethical Competence among Human Beings and to evolve systems which will help promotion of Ethical Competence in Society. • One significant aspect of the competence in Professional Ethics is the ability to visualize and develop appropriate (holistic) technologies, production systems and management models. • Let us now look at these models. Slide 2 of 30 2

Human Values = Participation, Role of a Human Being in Existence In the Self Happiness, Peace, Satisfaction, Bliss ------------------------ 4 Participation In Human-Human Relationship – Justice Established values (sthapit mulya)/Expressed values (shisht mulya) Trust/ Complimentariness, Respect/Compliance , Affection/ Commitment, Care/Generosity , Guidance/ Spontaneity, Reverence/ Obedience, Glory/Ease , Gratitude/Self-restraint , Love/Unanimity ------------ 18 Participation In Human-Rest of Nature Relationship Utility, Artistic value -----------------------------------2 Participation In Universal Human Order Perseverence (Dheerta), Bravery (Veerta), Generosity (Udarta), Kindness (Daya), Beneficience (Kripa), Compassion (Karuna) -------- 6 30 Slide 3 of 30 3

Established , eternal values (sthapit mulya) Expressed, behavioral values (sisht mulya) Trust (vishwas) Complimentariness (sojanyata) Respect (sammaan) Compliance (arahaysata) Affection (sneh) Commitment (nishtha) Care (mamta) Generosity (udarta) Guidance (vatsalya) Spontaneity (sahajta) Reverence (shraddha) Obidience (pujyata) Glory (gaurav) Ease (saralta) Gratitude (kratagyata) Self-restraint (somyata) Love (prem) Unanimity (ananyata), kindness n; k , beneficience f—ik & compassion d#. kk Slide 4 of 30 4

Harmony in Society – Universal Human Order Human Target (ekuo y{; ) Right Understanding & Right Feelings Prosperity Fearlessness (Trust) Co-Existence In Every Individual In Every Family In Society In Nature/ Existence Five Dimensions of Human Order ¼ekuoh; 1. Education – Sanskar - f”k{kk la. Ldkj 2. Health – Sanyam - Lok. LF; la; e 3. Production – Work - m. Riknu dk; Z 4. Justice – Suraksha - U; k; lqj{kk 5. Exchange – Storage - fofue; dks’k Ten Steps ¼nl O; o. LFkk & i¡kp vk; ke½ lksiku½ – From Family Order to World Family Order Family – Family cluster – Village cluster. . . Nation. . . World Family ~101 ~102 ~1010 Slide 5 of 30 5

The Holistic Criteria for Evaluation • The modern technologies and systems are all human inventions in response to the needs visualized under the influence of the prevailing worldview. • Accordingly, they have been designed and optimized to the functions best suited to the current world view. • In order to facilitate the development of Holistic technologies and systems, it will be necessary to formulate appropriate crieteria for Evaluation compatible with comprehensive Human Goal. Slide 7 of 30 7

The Holistic Criteria for Evaluation • Three broad criteria to guide the development of such technologies and systems: • (a) Catering to appropriate needs and lifestyles • (b) People-friendly • (c) Eco-friendly • In addition, these have to promote local self-sufficiency and optimal utilization of local resources and expertise. Slide 8 of 30 8

Holistic Technologies and Systems – Typical Case Studies • Renewable and Decentralized Energy Technologies: • (a) Bio Mass based Energy Conversion Systems such as: • Systems for generation and utilization of Biogas obtainable from all kinds of moist biomass such as animal and human excreta, kitchen waste, moist agro-waste, sweage effluents etc. • This bio-conversion also results in production of valuable bio-manure in the form of slurry. A study of slurry handling systems is also required • Systems for generation and utilization of Producer gas obtainable from partial combustion of all kinds of dry biomass such as wood, charcoal, rice-husk, sawdust, dry agro-waste etc. • Systems for decentralized production of Biodiesel obtainable from esterification of various vegetable oils. Slide 19 of 30 19

Holistic Technologies and Systems – Typical Case Studies • Renewable and Decentralized Energy Technologies: • (a) Bio Mass based Energy Conversion Systems such as: • Decentralizdd systems for production of ethanol as a liquid fuel for engines obtainable from agro-waste. • Technologies for Briquetting to obtain a compact/smokeless solid fuel from all kinds of loose biomass. • Technologies for smokeless and energy efficient cook stoves. Slide 20 of 30 20

Holistic Technologies and Systems – Typical Case Studies • Renewable and Decentralized Energy Technologies: • (b) Gadgets and Implements to facilitate efficient utilization of Human muscle power and Animal draught power such as: • Human operated agriculture tools and domestic appliances • Animal (bullock) operated irrigation pumps, tractors and other agricultural equipments • Improvised designs of animal driven carts Slide 21 of 30 21

Holistic Technologies and Systems – Typical Case Studies • Renewable and Decentralized Energy Technologies: • (c) Devices for efficient utilization of Solar energy such as: • Solar Water Heaters, Solar cookers, Solar driers etc. • Solar Photo-voltaic Systems • Decentralized Solar power generation and refrigeration systems. Slide 22 of 30 22

Holistic Technologies and Systems – Typical Case Studies • Renewable and Decentralized Energy Technologies: • (d) Decentralized Wind power devices for water pumping, electricity generation etc. • (e) Microhydel electro-mechanical power generation systems utilizing the hydro-energy of waterfalls, check-dams and flowing water in streams and rivers in a decentralized manner. • Systems for Water conservation and water shed management for efficient utilization of rain water and for eco-restoration. Slide 23 of 30 23

Holistic Technologies and Systems – Typical Case Studies • Technologies and architecture promoting green building materials and energy conservation such as: • Construction with compressed/stabilized mud-blocks and terracotta tiles • Bamboo architecture • Lawry-Baker low-cost brick work construction etc. • Solar artchitecture with energy conservation and passive heating/cooling of buildings. Slide 24 of 30 24

Holistic Technologies and Systems – Typical Case Studies • Organic/natural farming techniques including technologies for vermi-composting, production of bio-manures and bio-pesticides • Eco-sanitation techniques for small scale decentralized sewage disposal and waste water recycling. Slide 25 of 30 25

Holistic Technologies and Systems – Typical Case Studies • Low cost and energy efficient technologies for small scale production systems such as: • Systems for food processing. • Systems for production of herbal, forest-based animal-based products • Systems for facilitating mutiple crafts and artisanal work Slide 26 of 30 26

Holistic Technologies and Systems – Typical Case Studies • Humanistic organizational/management models: • The work on the discussed technologies and systems is being carried out in: • Several Technical Institutions, agricultural universities, government agencies and • a large number of NGO's, and socio-spiritual organizations as well as by some motivated individuals. Slide 27 of 30 27

Holistic Technologies and Systems – Typical Case Studies • Humanistic organizational/management models: • Case Studies of Management Models: • Gramin Bank • Lizzat Cooperative • Auroville • Ralegaon sidhi • Brahma Kumaris Slide 28 of 30 28

Summary of Lecture-27 • The Right Understanding provides a Holistic Vision for Technologies, Production systems and management models. • There a number of inspiring experiments going on in this direction which can provide us good learning and confidence in the alternative. Slide 30 of 30 30