Module 10 Eating Disorders Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating
Module 10 Eating Disorders
Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating – Hallmark of Bulimia n Binge-eating excess amounts of food n Eating is perceived as uncontrollable Compensatory Behaviors n n Purging -self-induced vomiting, diuretics, laxatives Some exercise excessively, whereas others fast
Bulimia Nervosa Associated Medical Features n n Tend to be normal weight or slightly overweight Purging methods can result in severe medical problems Erosion of dental enamel, electrolyte imbalance Kidney failure, cardiac arrhythmia, seizures, intestinal problems, permanent colon damage n Comorbid with other disorders (mood, anxiety, substance abuse)
Anorexia Nervosa Successful Weight Loss – Hallmark of Anorexia n n Very low weight for age, height, and sex Intense fear of obesity and losing control over eating n Relentless pursuit of thinness n Misperceptions about body shape/size n Often begins with dieting n 2 subtypes: restrictive & binge-eating/purging
Anorexia Medical Consequences Amenorrhea – menstruation stops (most common) Dermatological (skin) problems Lanugo – hair on limbs Cardiovascular problems Gastrointestinal problems Similar vomiting consequences as bulimia Most are comorbid for other psychological disorders
Binge-Eating Disorder n Engage in food binges without compensatory behaviors Associated Features n n Many persons with binge-eating disorder are obese Concerns about shape and weight Often older than bulimics and anorexics More psychopathology vs. non-binging obese people
Eating Disorders Statistics Lifetime prevalence of anorexia (U. S. A. ) n 1% for women; . 3% for men Lifetime prevalence of bulimia (U. S. A. ) n 1. 5% for women; . 5% for men Lifetime prevalence of binge-eating disorder (U. S. A. ) n 3. 5% for women; 2% for men Most cases of anorexia, bulimia, and bingeeating disorder begin during adolescence and young adulthood.
Causes of Bulimia and Anorexia Culture & Standards n Cultural imperative for thinness/increased dieting n Standards of ideal body size changing n Male vs. female standards/Social group pressures Family issues & Genetics n Family is success driven n Runs in families Psychological Dimensions n Low sense of personal control/self-confidence n Perfectionistic attitudes & distorted body image n Mood intolerance/anxiety
Treatment of Eating Disorders Medical and Drug Treatments – antidepressants effective for bulimia but not anorexia n n Weight restoration for anorexics Long-term prognosis for anorexia is poorer than for bulimia Psychosocial Treatments n Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) n Interpersonal psychotherapy n Self-help programs (OA) Preventing eating disorders n Early concern over weight is predictor n Emphasis on normalcy of weight gain after puberty
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